Page 188 - DHIN103_ELECTIVE_HINDI_II

Reeta Singh, Lovely Professional University bdkbZ 13 % dkO; osQ izeq[k Hksnμ[kaMdkO;

uksV

bdkbZμ13 % dkO; osQ izeq[k Hksnμ[kaMdkO;

vuqØef.kdk (Contents)
mís'; (Objectives)
izLrkouk (Introduction)
13-1 [kaMdkO;
13-2 [kaMdkO; osQ rRo
13-3 lkjka'k (Summary)
13-4 'kCndks'k (Keywords)
13-5 vH;kl iz'u (Review Questions)
13-6 lanHkZ iqLrosaQ (Further Readings)

mís'; (Objectives)

bl bdkbZ osQ vè;;u osQ i'pkr~ fo|kFkhZ ;ksX; gksaxsμ
● [kaMdkO; osQ ckjs esa tkuus esaA
● ^[kaMdkO; egkdkO; dk laoqQfpr :i gS* tkuus esaA

izLrkouk (Introduction)

[kaMdkO; izcaèkdkO; dk gh ,d fo'ks"k :i gSA laLÑr osQ vkpk;ks± us izcaèkdkO; 'kCn dk iz;ksx vfèkd u
djosQ izk;% lxZcaèk vFkok lxZcaèkdkO; 'kCn dk gh iz;ksx fd;k gS D;kasfd izcUèk osQ Hkhrj gh os lxZcaèkdkO;
osQ vfrfjDr :id] dFkk vk[;kf;dk vkfn lHkh izcaèk :iksa dks xzg.k djrs FksA

Hkkeg vkSj naMh us lxZcaèkdkO; dk vFkZ fo'ks"k :i ls egkdkO; gh fy;k gS vkSj [kaMdkO; dh ppkZ gh
ugha dh gSA #nzV us lHkh izcaèkksa dks egr~ vkSj y?kq nks izdkjksa esa foHkDr dj mudk varj bl izdkj crk;k
gSμegkdkO; esa prqoZxks± dk o.kZu vkSj lHkh jlksa dk ;FkkLFkku fuos'k gksrk gS vkSj y?kqdkO; esa prqoZxZ esa
fdlh ,d èkeZ vFkok vFkZ vFkok dke vFkok eks{k dk vkSj jlksa esa fdlh ,d jl dk o.kZu gksrk gSA bl
izdkj jQnzV us loZizFke egkdkO; vkSj y?kq ([kaM) dkO; ij ekSfyd <ax ls fopkj fd;k gSA

13-1 [kaMdkO;

vkuanoèkZu us izcaèkdkO; osQ fy, lxZcaèk dkO; 'kCn dk iz;ksx fd;k gS vkSj dkO;Hksnksa dk o.kZu ugha fd;kA
gsepaæ us JO;dkO; esa dFkk] vk[;kf;dk vkSj paiw osQ lkFk osQoy egkdkO; dh x.kuk dh gSA fo'oukFk
dfojkt us lkfgR;niZ.k esa egkdkO; dk y{k.k crkus osQ mijkUr [kaMdkO; dk mYys[k bl izdkj fd;k gSμ
^^Hkk"kk foHkk"kk fu;ekRdkO;a lxZeqfRFkre~A
,dkFkZ izo.kS% i|S% lafèklkexz; oftZre~AA
[kaMdkO;a HkosRdkO;L;sd ns'kkuqlkfj pAA**

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