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,sfPNd ¯gnhμII




                    uksV          vfèkdj.k dkjd
                                  fØ;k ;k vkèkkj dks lwfpr djus okyh laKk ;k loZuke osQ Lo:i dks vfèkdj.k dkjd dgrs gSaA
                                    1- dHkh&dHkh ^esa* osQ vFkZ esa ^ij* vkSj ^ij* osQ vFkZ esa ^esa* dk iz;ksx gksrk gSA tSlsμ

                                       rqEgkjs ?kj ij pkj vkneh gSa¾?kj esaA nwdku ij dksbZ ugha Fkk¾nwdku esaA uko ty esa rSjrh gS¾ty ijA
                                    2- dHkh&dHkh vfèkdj.k dkjd dh foHkfDr;ksa dk yksi Hkh gks tkrk gSA tSlsμ
                                       bu fnuksa og iVus gSA                 og laè;k le; xaxk&fdukjs tkrk gSA
                                       og }kj&}kj Hkh[k ek¡xrk pyrk gSA      yM+osQ njokts&njokts ?kwe jgs gSaA
                                       ftl le; og vk;k Fkk] ml le; eSa ugha FkkA  ml txg ,d lHkk gksus tk jgh gSA
                                    3- fdukjs] vkljs vkSj fnuksa tSls in Lo;a lizR;; vfèkdj.k dkjd osQ gSa vkSj ;gk¡] ogk¡] le; vkfn inksa
                                       dk vFkZ lizR;; vfèkdj.k dkjd dk gSA vr%] bu inksa dh fLFkfr esa vfèkdj.k dkjd dk izR;; ugha
                                       yxrkA blosQ mnkgj.k fn;s tk pqosQ gSaA

                                  lacksèku dkjd
                                  laKk osQ ftl :i ls fdlh osQ iqdkjus ;k laosQr djus dk Hkko ik;k tkrk gS] mls lacksèku dkjd
                                  dgrs gSaA tSlsμgs Hkxoku~! esjh j{kk dhft,A bl okD; esa ^gs Hkxoku~* ls iqdkjus dk cksèk gksrk gSA lacksèku
                                  dkjd dh dksbZ foHkfDr ugha gksrh gSA bls izdV djus osQ fy, ^gs*] ^vjs*] ^js* vkfn 'kCnksa dk iz;ksx gksrk gSA

                                  Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

                                  cgqfodYih; ç'u (Multiple Choice Questions)μ
                                    5- okD; esa ftl 'kCn ls fØ;k osQ lacaèk dk cksèk gks] mls dgrs gSaμ

                                       (d) dj.k dkjd      ([k) drkZ dkjd      (x) lacaèk dkjd  (?k) viknku dkjd
                                                  -------------------------
                                    6- fganh esa dkjd          gSaA
                                       (d) Ng             ([k) ik¡p           (x) vkB         (?k) nl
                                    7- ^ls* foHkfDr fpÉ gSμ
                                       (d) viknku dkjd dk ([k) lacaèk dkjd dk  (x) nksuksa dk  (?k) buesa ls dksbZ ugha
                                                                            -------------------------
                                    8- fganh esa nks izdkj dh foHkfDr;k¡ gSaμfof'y"V vkSj   A
                                       (d) laf'y"V        ([k) fof'k"V        (x) vof'k"V     (?k) buesa ls dksbZ ugha

                                  1-6 in ifjp;

                                  'kCn vkSj inμokD; ls vyx jgus okys 'kCnksa dks ^'kCn* dgrs gSa] ¯drq tc fdlh okD; esa fijks
                                  fn;s tkrs gSa] rc ^in* dgykrs gSaA tc okD; osQ varxZr 'kCnksa esa foHkfDr;k¡ yxrh gSa] rc os ^in* cu
                                  tkrs gSaA ^in* vFkZ laosQfrr djrk gSA ^'kCn* lkFkZd vkSj fujFkZd nksuksa gks ldrs gSaA

                                  ^in&ifjp;* fdls dgrs gSa\
                                  ^in&ifjp;* dk vFkZ gksrk gS inksa dk vUo;] vFkkZr~ fo'ys"k.kA ¯gnh O;kdj.k esa blosQ fofHkUu uke
                                  fn;s x;s gSa_ ;Fkkμ^inkUo;*] ^infunsZ'k*] ^infu.kZ;*] ^in&foU;kl*] ^inPNsn* bR;kfnA ;s lHkh ^in&ifjp;*
                                  osQ i;kZ;okph 'kCn gSaA ^in&ifjp;* esa okD;ksa esa iz;qDr lkFkZd 'kCnksa vFkok inksa dh O;kdj.klEer fo'ks"krk,¡
                                  crk;h tkrh gSaA nwljs 'kCnksa esa] bls ge ;ksa dg ldrs gSa fd okD; osQ izR;sd in dks vyx&vyx dj



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