Page 117 - DSOC102_SOCIAL_INSTITUTIONS_HINDI

lkekftd laLFkk,¡

uksV 'kfDr ls fHkUu gksrh gSA lÙkk 'kfDr osQ iz;ksx dk laLFkkRed vfèkdkj gS] og Lo;a 'kfDr ugha gSA lÙkk dk
lacaèk in ;k izfLFkfr ls gksrk gS tcfd 'kfDr dk O;fDr lsA lÙkk lnSo laLFkkÑr gksrh gS
(Authority is institutionalised)] vr% fof'k"V :i ls ewY;oku le>h tkrh gSA lÙkk oSèkkfud
'kfDr gS (Authority is Legitimate Power) ftldk ikyu O;fDr LosPNk ls djrk gSA
mnkgj.kkFkZ] izkpk;Z] jk"Vªifr] izèkkuea=kh] estj] vkfn osQ vfèkdkj ^lÙkk* dh Js.kh esa vk,¡xs] D;ksafd mUgsa tks
vfèkdkj vkSj 'kfDr izkIr gSa] og lafoèkku] fu;eksa] dkuwuksa] vkfn osQ }kjk izkIr gSA bl izdkj 'kfDr vkSj lÙkk
nksuksa gh izHkko osQ fofHkUu Lo:i gSaA lÙkk lekt esa nkf;Ro cuk, j[krh gSA ;g osQoy jktuhfrd {ks=k essa
gh ugha] oju~ lkekftd&vkfFkZd thou esa Hkh fØ;k'khy jgrh gSA lÙkk 'kfDr dk laLFkkxr :i gSA
chp (Beach) nwljs osQ dk;Z fu"iknu dks izHkkfor ;k funsZf'kr djus osQ vkSfpR;iw.kZ vfèkdkj dks lÙkk dgrk
gSA lÙkk dks blfy, Lohdkj ugha fd;k tkrk gS fd og lÙkkèkkfj;ksa }kjk nh tkrh gSA bldk okLrfod vkèkkj
vèkhuLFk vFkok ftUgsa funsZ'k fn, tkrs gSa] mudh lgefr gksrh gSA lÙkk lkekU; LohÑfr osQ lkFk 'kfDr osQ
iz;ksx dks dgrs gSaA ;wusLdks dh ,d fjiksVZ osQ vuqlkj lÙkk og 'kfDr gS tks LohÑfr] lEekfur Kku ,oa
vkSfpR;iw.kZ gksA**
mi;qZDr foospu ls lÙkk dh fuEukafdr fo'ks"krk,¡ izdV gksrh gSaµ

1- lÙkk izHkko vkSj 'kfDr dk ,d gh :i gSA
2- lÙkk esa 'kfDr dks oSèkkfud LohÑfr izkIr gksrh gSA
3- lÙkk 'kfDr dk laLFkkxr :i gSA
4- lÙkk dk lacaèk O;fDr ls u gksdj izfLFkfr (Status) ls gksrk gSA
5- lÙkk gesa lkekftd] vkfFkZd ,oa jktuhfrd lHkh {ks=kksa esa ns[kus dks feyrh gSA
6- lÙkk esa 'kfDr dks U;k;] uSfrdrk] èkeZ ,oa vU; lkaLÑfrd ewY;ksa }kjk mfpr Bgjk;k tkrk gSA
7- lÙkk dks vkns'k nsus dk vfèkdkj ekuk tkrk gS vkSj lÙkk dk izokg mQij ls uhps dh vksj gksrk gSA
lÙkk osQ ihNs O;oLFkk ;k laxBu dh oSèk 'kfDr gksrh gSA
lÙkkèkkjh laxBu esa varfuZfgr 'kfDr dk izrhd ekuk tkrk gSA eSdkboj bls 'kklu dk tknw dgrs gSaA

8- lÙkk dkuwuh :i ls rks vkSipkfjd gksrh gS] ¯drq okLro esa vkns'k dh liQyrk vèkhuLFkksa ij fuHkZj
gSA tc vèkhuLFk viuh le> ,oa ;ksX;rk osQ vkèkkj ij vkns'kksa dks Lohdkj dj ysrs gSa rks ;g fLFkfr
lÙkk cu tkrh gSA

9-3 lÙkk osQ Ïksr ;k izdkj (Sources or Types of Authority)

eSDl oscj us oSèkrk osQ vkèkkj ij lÙkk osQ rhu Ïksrksa ,oa izdkjksa dk mYys[k fd;k gSµ(1) oSèkkfud lÙkk]
(2) ijaijkRed lÙkk ,oa (3) dfj'ekbZ ;k peRdkfjd lÙkkA ge ;gk¡ lÙkk osQ bu rhuksa izdkjksa dk lfoLrkj
mYys[k djsaxsA
1- oSèkkfud lÙkk (Legal Authority)µlÙkk dk ,d :i oSèkkfud lÙkk gSA jkT; }kjk cuk, x,
dkuwuksa osQ vuqlkj dbZ in bl izdkj gksrs gSa ftuosQ lkFk ,d fof'k"V izdkj dh lÙkk tqM+h gksrh gSA
vr% tks Hkh O;fDr mu inkssa dks èkkj.k djrs gSa] muosQ gkFkksa esa mu inksa ls lacafèkr lÙkk Hkh pyh tkrh
gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] tc O;fDr fdlh egkfo|ky; dk izkpk;Z curk gS rks mls izkpk;Z osQ in ls
lacafèkr lÙkk Hkh izkIr gks tkrh gS vkSj og mu 'kfDr;ksa ,oa vfèkdkjksa dk mi;ksx dj ldrk gS tks
bl in ls lacafèkr gSaA bl izdkj dh lÙkk dk Ïksr O;fDr dh futh izfr"Bk esa lekfgr ugha gksrk gS
oju~ ftu fu;eksa osQ }kjk O;fDr ,d fof'k"V in dks èkkj.k fd, gq, gS] mu fu;eksa dh lÙkk esa fufgr
gksrk gSA oSèkkfud lÙkk lÙkkèkkjh osQ vfèkdkj&{ks=k dks Hkh r; djrh gS ftlosQ ckgj og viuh lÙkk
dk iz;ksx ugha dj ldrkA Li"V gS fd O;fDr dh oSèkkfud lÙkk osQ {ks=k ,oa mlosQ {ks=k esa i;kZIr varj

112 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY