Page 57 - DSOC102_SOCIAL_INSTITUTIONS_HINDI

lkekftd laLFkk,¡

uksV gSaA ;gk¡ laoqQfpr LokFkZ dks dksbZ LFkku ugha feyrk gSA bl izdkj la;qDr ifjokj lekthdj.k o f'k{kk
osQ }kjk lekt dks liQy ukxfjd nsrk gSA
3- laLÑfr dh fujarjrkµHkkjrh; lekt esa vusd izdkj dh mFky&iqFky gksus osQ ckn Hkh Hkkjrh;
laLÑfr viuh txg fo|eku gSA bldk Js; la;qDr ifjokj dks gh tkrk gSA la;qDr ifjokj esa iqjkuh
ih<+h osQ yksx jgrs gSa vkSj mudk izHkko lkjs lnL;ksa ij gksrk gSA bl dkj.k tks fu;e] izFkk] èkkfeZd
laLdkj vkfn os ekurs vkrs gSa] mUgsza vius lnL;ksa ls Hkh euokrs gSaA vxj dksbZ lnL; budk fojksèk djus
dk iz;Ru djs rks ifjokj osQ vU; yksxksa osQ lkeus mldh ckr vulquh dj nh tkrh gS ftlosQ
ifj.kkeLo:i laLÑfr dk tks ewy:i gksrk gS og ,d ih<+h ls nwljh ih<+h dks gLrkarfjr gksrk jgrk gSA
4- euksjatu dk lkèkuµO;fDr vxj vosQys jgs ;k cgqr de lnL;ksa osQ lkFk jgs rks LokHkkfod gS fd
mlesa mQc iSnk gksxh] ijarq la;qDr ifjokj esa ges'kk pgy&igy jgrh gSA fdlh&u&fdlh dk
vkuk&tkuk ges'kk gh yxk jgrk gSA blosQ vfrfjDr] ifjokj esa vkilh okrkZyki] g¡lh&etkd rFkk
vusd izdkj osQ lkekftd o èkkfeZd R;ksgkj gksrs gh jgrs gSa ftuls lnL; viuh Fkdku o mQc nwj
dj ysrs gSaA lkFk gh] NksVs cPpksa osQ [ksy] mudh eèkqj eqLdku] mudh ckrsa vkfn lnL;ksa dk euksjatu
djrh jgrh gSaA bl izdkj] la;qDr ifjokj Lo;a vius vki esa euksjatu dk lkèku cu tkrk gSA
5- vuq'kklu rFkk lkekftd fu;a=k.kµla;qDr ifjokj èkkfeZd o uSfrd vkèkkj ij O;fDr dh O;fDroknh
èkkj.kk dks fu;af=kr djrs gSaA ;g fu;a=k.k euq"; osQ ckgjh ,oa vkarfjd nksuksa i{kksa ij gksrk gSA pw¡fd
?kj dk dÙkkZ o`¼ O;fDr gksrk gS] bl dkj.k mlosQ vuqHko o mez dk è;ku j[kdj yksx mlosQ
ikfjokfjd funsZ'kksa dk ikyu djrs gSaA ?kj dh efgykvksa ij fu;a=k.k o vuq'kklu ?kj dh o;Ld o o`¼
efgyk,¡ djrh gSaA ikfjokfjd vuq'kklu esa dBksjrk gksus osQ dkj.k dksbZ Hkh lnL; xyr ;k vuSfrd
dk;Z ugah djrk gSA
6- ns'k lsok ;k lekt lsok dk voljµns'k lsok ;k lekt lsok osQ fy, vko';d gS fd O;fDr dks
vius ifjokj] fo'ks"kdj ekrk&firk o iRuh rFkk larku dh fpark u gksA la;qDr ifjokj laiw.kZ nkf;Ro
osQ lkFk vius lnL;ksa dh ns[kHkky djrk gS blfy, O;fDr ns'k lsok ;k lekt lsok osQ dk;Z fcuk
fdlh fpark o nqfoèkk osQ djrk gSA mls Kkr jgrk gS fd mldh vuqifLFkfr esa Hkh mlosQ ifjokj osQ
lnL; vkfFkZd o lkekftd :i ls iw.kZr% lqjf{kr gSaA
(c) vkfFkZd dk;Z ;k ykHk (Economic Functions or Advantages)
lkekftd dk;ks± ,oa ykHkksa osQ vfrfjDr] la;qDr ifjokj osQ oqQN vkfFkZd dk;Z ;k ykHk Hkh gSa ftuesa
ls izeq[k fuEufyf[kr gSaµ
1- èku dk mfpr mi;ksxµla;qDr ifjokj osQ lnL;ksa }kjk viuh vk; osQ }kjk la;qDr dks"k dk fuekZ.k
gksrk gS rFkk lqfoèkkvksa dk leku izcaèku gksus osQ dkj.k izfr O;fDr [kpZ de gksrk gSA dÙkkZ ifjokj
osQ vuko';d O;; ij fu;a=k.k j[krk gS ftlosQ iQyLo:i fiQtwy[kphZ ij jksd yx tkrh gSA lHkh
lnL;ksa dk Hkkstu ,d gh jlksbZ?kj esa curk gS vkSj [kk|&lkexzh Fkksd Hkko ls vkrh gSA blls iSls dh
cpr osQ lkFk [kk|&lkexzh dk nq#i;ksx ugha gks ikrk gSA bu dkj.kksa ls la;qDr ifjokj dks lektoknh
laxBu dk NksVk :i dgk tkrk gSA

2- laifÙk foHkktu ls j{kkµvxj laifÙk ckj&ckj foHkkftr gksrh jgs rks var esa ,d ,slh voLFkk vk
ldrh gS tc laifÙk uke ek=k Hkh u cpsA ferk{kjk osQ varxZr dÙkkZ dks laifÙk cspus vFkok caèkd j[kus
osQ vfèkdkj izkIr ugha gSaA ifjokj dk dk;Z lkekU; dks"k ls pyus osQ dkj.k laifÙk foHkkftr ugha gksrh gSA
3- Je&foHkktu dh O;oLFkkµlqpk# :i esa dk;Z gksus osQ fy, vko';d gS fd dk;Z lgh yksxksa osQ
}kjk fd, tk,¡A la;qDr ifjokj vius lnL;ksa dks ;ksX;rk osQ vuqlkj gh dk;Z lkSairk gS ftl dkj.k dk;Z
lqpk# <¡x ls pyrs gSaA tc dk;Z lgh <¡x ls gksrk gS rks ifjokj esa laxBu cuk jgrk gS vkSj miktZu
osQ {ks=k esa izxfr gksrh gSA

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