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Gowher Ahmad Naik, LPU Unit 1: Functional English Grammar—Types of Sentences, Sentence Structure

Unit 1: Functional English Grammar—Types of Notes
Sentences, Sentence Structure

CONTENTS
Objectives
Introduction
1.1 Components of Sentence
1.2 Types of Sentences (on the Basis of Purpose)
1.3 Types of Sentences (on the Basis of Structure)
1.4 Agreement of the Verb with the Subject
1.5 Key-Words
1.6 Review Questions
1.7 Further Readings

Objectives

After reading this unit, students will be able to:
• Define sentences and their types
• Separate subjects and predicates from a sentence
• Understand clauses and their types
• Know the agreement between verb and the subject

Introduction

We use words to express our thoughts. A single word may not make the meaning clear. So, we use
words in a group which make sense called a sentence. In the field of linguistics, a sentence is
an expression in natural language. It is often defined as a grammatical unit consisting of one or
more words that bear minimal syntactic relation to the words that precede or follow it. A sentence
can include words grouped meaningfully to express a statement, question, exclamation,
request, command or suggestion.
Hence, we can define sentence as,
A sentence is a group of words arranged in a manner which makes a complete sense. It contains at
least one subject and one predicate, either explicit or implicit.
For examples,
1. Riti is very dear to me.
2. I always speak the truth.
3. A bad workman quarrels with his tools.
4. ( I ) Thank you. ( I is implicit )
5. ( It is ) Shocking! ( It is is implicit )
Above examples show that a sentence is a group of words which gives a complete sense.

1.1 Components of Sentence

A sentence is consist of many components such as subject, predicate, clauses, etc. Let us know some
of these components discussed below:

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