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Hardeep Kaur, Lovely Professional University                 bdkbZμ10% eerkμ dFkklkj] pfj=k&fp=k.k] lizlax O;k[;k




                                                                                                      uksV
              bdkbZμ10: eerkμ dFkklkj] pfj=k&fp=k.k] lizlax O;k[;k





              vuqØef.kdk

              mís';
              izLrkouk
              10.1 eerkμ dFkklkj
              10.2 ik=k ,oa pfj=k&fp=k.k
              10.3 egÙoiw.kZ va'kksa dh lizlax O;k[;k

              10.4 'kCndks'k
              10.5 vH;kl iz'u
              10.6 lanHkZ iqLrosaQ


            mís';

            fo|kFkhZ bl bdkbZ osQ vè;;u osQ i'pkr~ fo|kFkhZ l{ke gksaxsμ

                t;'kadj izlkn dh dgkuh eerk dh dFkkoLrq ls ifjfpr gksaxsA
                eerk dgkuh osQ izeq[k va'kksa dh O;k[;k djus esa l{ke gksaxsA


            izLrkouk

            izlknh dh ,sfrgkfld dgkuh ^eerk* dgkuhdyk dh n`f"V ls ,d mRo`Q"V dgkuh gSA mlesa Hkkoksa dh lw{erk
            gS vkSj lkFk gh vkn'kZ o ;FkkFkZ dk leUo; HkhA bldh dFkkoLrq ,sfrgkfld gSA eerk jksgrkl nqxZ osQ Lokeh
            osQ eU=kh pwM+kef.k dh iq=kh FkhA og ;qokoLFkk esa gh fo/ok gks x;h FkhA blfy, pwM+kef.k lnSo mlosQ Hkfo";
            osQ fy, fpfUrr jgrs vkSj lnSo mls lq[kh j[kus osQ iz;Ru djrsA

            10-1 eerkμ dFkklkj

            izlkn dh dgkuh ^eerk* ,sfrgkfld dgkuh gSA eerk jksfgrk'o nqxZ osQ vf/ifr osQ eU=kh dh iq=kh FkhA
            ;qokoLFkk esa gh fo/ok gks xbZ FkhA blfy, mldh mnklh dks nwj djus osQ fy, eU=kh pwM+kef.k fody jgrs

            Fks D;ksafd lc lq[kksa osQ chp Hkh fo/ok gksus osQ dkj.k mudh vosQyh iq=kh O;fFkr jgrh FkhA
            pwM+kef.k lkFk gh ;g Hkh ns[k jgs Fks fd bl le; ns'k ij 'ksj'kkg dk 'kklu gS] mldh n`f"V jksfgrk'o
            nqxZ ij yxh gqbZ gS vkSj mldh fo'kky okfguh osQ lEeq[k fdlh dk Bgjuk nq"dj gS fiQj ;g NksVk&lk nqxZ
            D;k dj ysxk vkSj tc bl ij mldk vf/dkj gks tk;xk rks fiQj mudh D;k fLFkfr gks tk;xh] ;gh lkspdj
            og ;ouksa }kjk fn;k èku&èkkU; xzg.k dj nqxZ osQ xqIr }kj dk Hksn crk nsrs gSaA
            ysfdu eerk dks ;g vPNk ugha yxkA og vius LokFkZ osQ fy, ns'k dks cspus osQ fy, jkth ugha gqbZA mlus
            firk dks f/Ddkjk] ij og pwM+kef.k dh cqf¼ ifjofrZr djus esa vleFkZ jghA





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