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Hkkjrh; Lora=krk laxzke (1707&1947 bZ-)

uksV 3-3 flag lHkk vkUnksyu (Singh Sabha Movement)

fujadkjh] jkèkkLokeh vkSj ukeèkkjh vkanksyuksa dk fl[k tu&lkekU; ij oqQN [kkl vlj ugha gqvkA fujadkjh
vkanksyu mÙkj&if'peh iatkc osQ 'kgjh lekt rd lhfer jgk] tcfd jkèkkLokeh ewyr% bZ'ojh; eqn~nksa ls
lacafèkrA ukeèkkjh vkanksyu dk rks vfLrRo gh eysjdksVyk ossQ ijsM&eSnku esa vLFkk;h rkSj ij feVk fn;k x;kA
;s rhuksa gh fl[kksa osQ foPNsn ls mHkjh eaMfy;k¡ gSa] tks fdlh fo'ks"k xq# osQ izfr HkfDrHkko j[krh gSa vkSj vius
gh fo'ks"k èkkfeZd deZdkaMksa esa fo'okl djrh gSaA bu lcus lekt dh ftu cqjkb;ksa dks nwj djus dh Bkuh Fkh
os vkt Hkh èkM+Yys ls tkjh gSaA uhph tkfr osQ fl[kksa osQ lkFk vkt Hkh HksnHkko gksrk gSA vehj 'kjkc vkSj
O;fHkpkj osQ vkxks'k esa tk iM+sA nwljh rjiQ] ¯gnw èkeZ dk dkjksckj iwoZor~ pyrk jgk_ ogh mudk czkã.kokn]
nsoh&nsorkvksa osQ muosQ eafnj vkSj nsoky;] laLÑr ea=kksa osQ mPpkj.k] T;ksfrf"k;ksa vkSj Hkfo";oDrkvksa esa vkLFkk]
tUeif=k;ksa ij vkèkkfjr thouA fl[kksa esa Hkh_ tks yksx bu mi;qZDr iaFkksa dh] nl xq#vksa osQ vfrfjDr xq#vksa dh
vpZuk dh vkykspuk djrs Fks] os Hkh xq# ukud nso vkSj xks¯cn ¯lg osQ csnh vkSj lks<+h oa'ktksa osQ vkxs naMor~
djus esa xqjst ugha djrs Fks vkSj nwljs lkèkq&larksa osQ izfr Hkh ,slh J¼k trkrs Fks ekuks os xq# gh gksaA

fl[kksa osQ uSfrd Lrj esa fxjkoV osQ lkFk gh lkFk mudh rknkn Hkh fxj jgh FkhA tc ^[kkylk* p<+r dh vksj
Fkk] rks ¯gnqvksa us cM+h la[;k esa osQ'k&nk<+h c<+kuk] fl[k&xq#vksa dk xq.kxku djuk 'kq: dj fn;k FkkA iatkc osQ
vaxstksa }kjk vfèkxzg.k osQ ckn ;s ekSdkijLr yksx okil ¯gnw èkeZ dh 'kj.k esa ykSV x,A lPps fl[k ifjokj Hkh]
ftudk ,sls ¯gnqvksa ls djhch ukrk jgk] os Hkh mu ¯gnqvksa osQ lkFk&lkFk nk<+h&osQ'k eq¡M+okdj lgt/kjh fl[k
cu x,A bu fl[kksa esa T;knkrj yksx rks ,sls Fks] tks nks&,d ih<+h igys gh fl[k cus Fks vkSj mUgksaus ¯gnqvksa osQ
lkFk lkekftd laokn rks bl chp NksM+k gh ugha FkkA vc muosQ ikl ,d gh jkLrk Fkk fd os ¯gnw èkeZ esa iqu%
t”c gks tk,¡ vkSj ,d vyx leqnk; osQ :i esa fn[kus ls ckt vk,¡A 1

fl[k jktfudk; dh var£ufgr nqcZyrk rks fl[kksa osQ fo?kVu dk ,d dkj.k Fkk gh_ njvly blosQ rhu vkSj Hkh
dkj.k ekStn FksμbZlkbZ fe'kufj;ksa dh xfrfofèk;k¡] vk;Zlekt uked ,d u, ¯gnw laxBu dh uoèkek±rj.k dh
eqfge vkSj oSKkfud fopkjèkkjkvksa osQ vkfoHkkZo ls mitk ^;qfDr&laxfrdj.k* (phtksa dk vkSfpR;iw.kZ gksuk)A
1835 esa] yqfèk;kuk esa vesfjdh izsfLcVsfj;u (,d bZlkbZ èkeZO;oLFkk) fe'ku dh LFkkiuk gks pqdh FkhA vfèkxzg.k osQ
rqjar ckn bl fe'ku us viuh xfrfofèk;k¡ ekyok ls ysdj ek>k rd iSQykuh 'kq: dj nhA ppZ fe'kujh lkslk;Vh
us ve`rlj] ykgkSj vkSj igkM+h ftyksa esa vius osaQUnz [kksy fy,A ^lkslk;Vh iWQkj fn izkisxs'ku vkWiQ xkWLisy*] ^lkYos'ku
vkehZ*] ^esFkkWfMLV*] ^,fiLdksiSfy;u*] ^eksjSfo;u* vkSj vusd ^jkseu dSFkksfyd* fe'ku yksxksa dk èkek±rj.k djus osQ
fy, ,d&nwljs ls gksM+ yxkus yxsA bu bZlkbZ fe'kufj;ksa dks vaxzst viQljksa dk [kwc izJ; feyrk FkkA
bZlkbZ fe'kufj;ksa dh lcls cM+h thr FkhA lu~ 1853 esa egkjktk nyhi ¯lg dk èkeZ&ifjorZu djosQ mUgsa bZlkbZ
cukuk] fl[kksa osQ fy, ;g ,d vlguh; >Vdk FkkA mlh lky ve`rlj esa ,d fØf'p;u fe'ku LowQy [kksyk
x;kA uo èkek±rfjr O;fDr osQ ls mRlkg osQ lkFk] ns'kfuokZflr egkjktk us bl bZlkbZ fo|ky; dks lgk;rk dk
vk'oklu fn;kA
egkjktk nyhi ¯lg dks NksM+dj 'kq:&'kq: esa bZlkbZ èkeZ xzg.k djus okys fl[kksa esa T;knkrj vLi`'; tkfr osQ
fl[k FksA oqQN gh le; osQ Hkhrj ^bZlkbZ vFkkZr~ fØf'p;u dks fuankRed :i esa fy;k tkus yxk vkSj ;g iatkch
osQ 'kCn ^pwgM+k* dk i;kZ; cu x;kA rHkh uoèkek±rfjr yksxksa dks le> esa vkus yxk fd u rks iknjh dk laj{k.k
vkSj u gh ^lkyks Vksih* tqM+k xfjek dk vglkl mUgsa vLi`';rk osQ dyad ls futkr fnyk ldrk FkkA mlosQ
ckn ls] uhph tkfr;ksa osQ èkek±rj.k dh xfr oqQN èkheh gqbZA bZlkbZ fe'kufj;ksa us vc viuk #[k [kkrs&ihrs tV~Vksa
2
vkSj [k=kh tkfr osQ yksxksa dh rjiQ eksM+kA fdrus gh tkus&ekus fl[k ifjokjksa us bZlkbZ èkeZ dks Lohdkj dj fy;kA
i<+s&fy[ks vkSj vkfHktkR; ifjokjksa osQ fl[kksa }kjk bZlkb;r dks viukus ls fl[k usrkvksa dks ftruk èkDdk yxk]
mruk vLi`'; Hkkb;ksa dks bZlkbZ cu tkus ls ugha yxk FkkA

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