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bdkbZμ3% lkekftd&/kfeZd lq/kj vkUnksyu
Hkh vk;Z lekt osQ nks ny rFkk >wBs fo'oklksa ls fudyus osQ ,d lk/u osQ :i esa iz;ksx fd;kA 1892&93 uksV
esa vk;Z lekt osQ nks ny gks x,A ,d ik'pkR; f'k{kk dk fojks/h FkkA mUgksaus 1902 esa gfj}kj esa ,d
xq#oqQy LFkkfir dj fy;k tgka izkphu oSfnd f'k{kk izkphu i¼fr ls nh tkrh Fkh vkSj mlh osQ uewus ij
dbZ vU; LFkkuksa esa xq#oqQy cuk, x,A
ve`rlj esa flag lHkk vkUnksyu vkjEHk gqvkA blls layXu ,d vU; laLFkk Fkh eq[; [kkylk nhokuA bu
laLFkkvksa us iatkc esa cgqr ls xq#}kjs LFkkfir fd, rFkk fo|ky; vkSj dkWyst [kksysA flag lHkk dk gh ,d
NksVk vkUnksyu ^vdkyh ygj* FkhA
1921 esa vdkfy;ksa us xq#}kjksa osQ m¼kj osQ fy, bu egUrksa osQ fo#} vfgalkRed vlg;ksx lR;kxzg
vkUnksyu vkjEHk fd;kA
3-5 'kCndks'k (Keywords)
vkRe&ijh{k.k% LoewY;kadu
vlfg".kqrk % vuqnkj] :<
oqQBkjk?kkr % rhoz izgkj] dBksj oSpkfjd izgkj
3-6 vH;kl&iz'u (Review Questions)
1- czã lekt dh LFkkiuk fdlus dh vkSj D;ksa\ D;k ;g laxBu vius lkekftd lq/kj osQ mís';ksa esa liQy
jgk\ ewY;kadu dhft,A
2- vk;Z lekt osQ mís';ksa dks Li‘ djrs gq, Lora=krk vkUnksyu esa bl laxBu dh Hkwfedk dks js[kkafdr
dhft,A
3 flag lHkk vkUnksyu dk laf{kIr o.kZu dhft,A
4- vk;Z lekt osQ laLFkkid Lokeh n;kuan ljLorh dks Hkkjr dk ekfVZu ywFkj dgk tkrk gS] D;ksa\ Li‘
dhft,A
mÙkj% Lo&ewY;kadu (Answer: Self Assessment)
(1) ([k) (2) ([k) (3) (x) (4) (?k)
(5) (d)
3-7 lanHkZ iqLrosaQ (Further Readings)
iqLrosaQ 1. vk/qfud Hkkjrμ ,l-osQ- ik.Ms] iz;kx ,osQMeh] bykgkcknA
2. Lora=krk dk bfrgklμ ch-,y- xzksoj ,oa ;'kiky] ,l-pUn ,.M dEiuh fy-] fnYyhA
3- Lora=krk laxzkeμ fofiu pUnz] fgUnh ekè;e dk;kZUo; funs'kky; fnYyh fo'ofo|ky;A
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