Page 59 - DHIS204_DHIS205_INDIAN_FREEDOM_STRUGGLE_HINDI

bdkbZμ4% dkuZokfyl osQ lq/kj

dk iz;ksx djrs vkSj vius fe=kksa] dHkh&dHkh iq=kksa dks gh Hkkjr esa iz'kklfud lsok osQ fy, Hkkjr Hkst nsrs FksA uksV
dHkh&dHkh ;g fu;qfDr;ka eksy Hkh csph tkrh FkhaA osru izk;% cgqr de gksrs FksA vr,o izk;% ;g yksx ?kwl ysrs
FksA okWjsu gsfLaVxt us inksa osQ osru vR;f/d c<+k fn, rkfd feF;kpkj de gks losQA iz'kklu dk O;; vR;f/
d gks x;k ijurq ml ls u gh oqQ'kyrk vkbZ vkSj u gh Hkz‘rk de gqbZA ykWMZ dkWuZokfyl us cM+s&cM+s inksa dk
;wjksih;dj.k fd;k vkssj izk'klfud lsokvksa esa osru vkSj Hkh vf/d dj fn, ijUrq mlus u rks bu fu;qfDr;ksa osQ
fy, p;u dk vkSj u gh mu osQ izf'k{k.k dk Bhd&Bhd izcU/ fd;kA ykWMZ oSYtyh us igyh ckj iz'kklfud
lsodksa osQ izf'k{k.k osQ fy, uoacj 1800 esa dydÙkk esa iQksVZ fofy;e dkWyst [kksykA ;gka dEiuh osQ
inkfèkdkfj;ksa dks lkfgR;] foKku vkSj Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa dk Kku fn;k tkrk FkkA funs'kdksa osQ izkf/dj.k dks ;g
tapk uha ;|fi ;g dkWyst inkf/dkfj;ksa osQ fy, Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa dk Kku nsus osQ fy, 1854 rd dk;Z djrk
jgkA ijUrq funs'kdksa us ;g Bhd le>k fd baXyS.M esa gh Hkkjrh; iz'kkldksa osQ izf'k{k.k osQ fy, ,d dkWyst
[kksyk tk, vkSj gsyhcjh osQ LFkku ij ,d bZLV bf.M;k dkWyst 1806 esa [kksyk x;kA ;gka Hkkjr esa fu;qfDr ls
iwoZ bu r#.k inkf/kdkfj;ksa dks 2 o"kZ rd izf'k{k.k ysuk gksrk FkkA

dEiuh osQ inkf/dkfj;ksa dh fu;qfDr osQ fy, Hkkjrh;ksa osQ fy, }kj iw.kZr;k cUn FksA ;g Bhd gS fd 1833 osQ
pkVZj ,DV esa /kjk 87 osQ vuqlkj ; izko/ku Fkk fd dEiuh dh iz'kklfud lsok osQ fy, jax dk HksnHkko ugha
gksxkA ijUrq ;g dgus dh ckr FkhA okLrfodrk fHkUu FkhA mPp iz'kklfud lsok esa fdlh Hkkjrh; dh fu;qfDr
ugha gqbZA ;gka rd fd lezkKh foDVksfj;k dh 1858 dh ?kks"k.kk esa Hkh ;g vk'oklu fn;k x;k Fkk fd ¶gekjh
iztk] pkgs fdlh Hkh /eZ vFkok tkfr ls gks] eqDr vkSj HksnHkko jfgr :i ls fdlh Hkh in osQ fy, ftl osQ
og ;ksX; gks] pquh tk ldrh gSA¸ ijUrq bl dFku dk Hkh dksbZ izHkko ugha gqvk vkSj Å¡ps iz'kklfud in osQoy
'osr yksxksa osQ fy, gh lajf{kr jgsA Hkkjrh; turk dks cgykus osQ fy, vkSj tkrh; lekurk fn[kykus osQ fy,
mUgksaus fMIVh dysDVj vkSj fMIVh eSftLVsªVksa osQ in xfBr fd, vkSj oqQN Hkkjrh;ksa dks yxk fd os bu inksa rd
igqap ldrs gSaA

U;kf;d lq/kj% dkWuZokfyl dk izFke dk;Z ftys dh leLr 'kfDr dks dyDVjksa osQ gkFkksa esa osQfUnzr djuk Fkk vkSj
;g mu vkns'kksa osQ vuqowQy Fkk tks MkbjsDVjksa us mls fn, Fks rFkk ftlosQ eq[; rRo ferO;;rk rFkk ljyrk FksA 1787
esa ftyksa esa dk;Zokg dyDVjksa dks nhokuh vknkyrksa osQ nhokuh U;k;k/h'k Hkh fu;qDr dj fn;k x;k rFkk blosQ
vfrfjDr mUgsa iQkStnkjh 'kfDr;ka vkSj lhfer ekeyksa esa iQkStnkjh U;k; djus dk Hkh vf/dkj ns fn;k x;k FkkA
1790 vkSj 1792 osQ chp iQkStnkjh U;k; esa oqQN ifjorZu Hkh fd, x,A Hkkjrh; U;k;k/h'kksa okyh ftyk iQkStnkjh
vnkyrsa lekIr dj muosQ LFkku ij 4 Hkze.k djus okys U;k;ky;] 3 caxky osQ fy, rFkk 1 fcgkj osQ fy, fu;qDr
fd, x,A bu U;k;ky;ksa osQ vè;{k vuqc¼ ;wjksih; gh gksrs Fks rFkk dkth vkSj eqÝrh mudh lgk;rk djrs FksA
;s U;k;ky; ftyksa dk nkSjk djus rFkk uxj n.Muk;dksa }kjk funsZf'kr iQkStnkjh ekeyksa dk fu.kZ; djrs FksA blh
izdkj eqf'kZnkckn esa fLFkr lnj futker vnkyr osQ LFkku ij ,d ,slk gh U;k;ky; dydÙkk esa LFkkfir dj
fn;k x;k ftlesa xouZj&tujy rFkk mldh ifj"kn~ osQ lnL; lfEefyr Fks rFkk ftldh lgk;rk osQ fy, eq[;
dkth rFkk eq[; eqÝrh gksrs FksA
dkWuZokfyl lafgrk (Cornwallis Code)% mlus vius U;kf;d lq/kjksa dks 1793 rd vfUre :i nsdj
dkWuZokfyl lafgrk osQ :i esa izLrqr fd;kA ;g lq/kj izfl¼ ¶'kfDr;ksa osQ i`Fkdhdj.k¸ ij vk/kfjr FkkA mlus
dj rFkk U;k; iz'kkluksa dks i`Fkd~ dj fn;kA ml le; rd ftys esa dyDVjksa osQ ikl Hkwfe dj foHkkx] rFkk
foLr`r U;kf;d rFkk n.Muk;d 'kfDr;k¡ gksrh FkhaA dkWuZokfyl us vuqHko fd;k fd dyDVj osQ :i esa fd, x,
vU;k; dk fu.kZ; dksbZ Lo;a U;k;k/h'k osQ :i esa oSQls dj ldrk gSA tehankj rFkk Ñ"kd dks bl U;k; esa
fo'okl ugha gksxkA vr,o dkWuZokfyl lafgrk }kjk dyDVj dh U;kf;d rFkk iQkStnkjh 'kfDr;k¡ ys yh xb± rFkk
mlosQ ikl osQoy ,d lEcU/h 'kfDr;k¡ gh jg xb±A ftyk nhokuh U;k;ky;ksa esa dk;Z osQ fy, ,d u, vfèkdkfj;ksa
dh Js.kh ftyk U;k;k/h'kksa dh xfBr dh xbZA budks iQkStnkjh rFkk iqfyl osQ dk;Z Hkh fn, x,A

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 53