Page 85 - DHIS204_DHIS205_INDIAN_FREEDOM_STRUGGLE_HINDI

bdkbZ—7% igyh egÙoiw.kZ pqukSrh

etwenkj egksn; bl fu.kZ; ij igq¡prs gSa fd ¶rFkkdfFkr 1857 dk jk"Vªh; Lora=krk dk izFke laxzke u rks ;g uksV
izFke] u jk"Vªh;] vkSj u gh Lora=krk laxzke Fkk¸A
¡
izksisQlj lsu 1857 dh ?kVukvksa dks cM+s ifjis{; esa ns[krs gq, ;g rdZ nsrs gSa fd fonzksg rFkk ØkfUr;k eq[; :i
ls ,d vYila[;d oxZ dk gh dk;Z gksrk gS] ftl esa turk dh lgkuqHkwfr gksrh Hkh gS vkSj ugha Hkh gksrh] tSlk
fd vesfjdh Lora=krk laxzke vFkok izQkalhlh ØkfUr esa gqvkA bl rdZ dks vkxs c<+krs gq, og bl ifj.kke ij
igqaprs gSa fd ¶ftl fonzksg dk /kfeZd la?k"kZ osQ :i esa vkjEHk gqvk] mldk vUr Lora=krk laxzke osQ :i esa
gqvkA muosQ eu esa rfud Hkh lUnsg ugha gS fonzksfg;ksa us ,d fons'kh ljdkj dks fudky dj iqjkuh O;oLFkk dks
iqu% LFkkfir djus dk iz;Ru fd;k] ftldk fnYyh dk lezkV U;k;ksfpr izfrfuf/ FkkA¸

7-1 1857 osQ fonzksg osQ dkj.k (Causes of The Revolt of 1857)

,saXyks&bf.M;u bfrgkldkjksa us lSfud vlUrks"kksa rFkk pchZ okys dkjrwlksa dks gh 1857 osQ egku fonzksg dk lcls
eq[; rFkk egRoiw.kZ dkj.k crk;k gSA ijUrq vk/qfud Hkkjrh; bfrgkldkjksa us ;g fl¼ dj fn;k gS fd pchZ okys
dkjrwl gh bl fonzksg dk ,dek=k dkj.k vFkok lcls izeq[k dkj.k ugha FkkA pchZ okys dkjrwl vkSj lSfudksa dk
fonzksg rks osQoy ,d fpuxkjh Fkh ftlus mu leLr foLiQksVd inkFkks± dks tks jktuSfrd] lkekftd] /kfeZd vkSj
vkfFkZd dkj.kksa ls ,df=kr gq, Fks] vkx yxk nh vkSj og nkokuy dk :i /kj.k dj x;kA
jktuSfrd dkj.kμ dEiuh dh Hkkjrh; fj;klrksa ij {kerk'kkyh fu;a=k.k (Effective control) vkSj /hjs&/hjs
lekfIr (gradual extinction) dh uhfr us ykMZ oSystyh ds v/hu lgk;d lfU/ dh iz.kkyh osQ :i esa ,d
^fuf'pr vkdkj* /kj.k dj fy;kA bl rdZ dk vfUre :i MygkSth osQ dky esa lEeq[k vk;k ftlus uSfrd
vkSj jktuSfrd vkpkj dh lHkh lhekvksa dks fNUu&fHkUu dj osQ O;ixr osQ fl¼kUr (doctrine of lapse) dks
x<+kA MygkSth dh foy; dh uhfr us lHkh jktkvksa dks O;kdqy dj fn;kA fgUnw jktkvksa ls nÙkd iq=k ysus dk
vf/dkj Nhu fy;k x;kA mÙkjkf/dkj dk vf/dkj ¶mudks ugha jgk ftudh /efu;ksa esa oa'k osQ izorZd dk jDr
ugha cg jgk gksrk FkkA¸ vkfJr jkT; (Dependent states) vkSj jf{kr lgk;dksa (protected allies) dk Hksn cgqr
lw{e Fkk rFkk osQoy cky gh [kky mrkjus okyh ckr FkhA fooknkLin ekeyksa esa dEiuh dk fu.kZ; ckè; gksrk
Fkk vkSj dksVZ vkiQ MkbjsDVjlZ dk fu.kZ; vfUre FkkA i{kikr jfgr] 'kq¼ rFkk v'kq¼ dk fu.kZ; djus ds fy,
loksZPp U;k;ky; rks Fkk ughaA iatkc] ihxw vkSj flfDde] fot; osQ vf/dkj }kjk foy; fd, x,] lrkjk] tSriqj]
lEHkyiqj] c?kkV] mQnsiqj] >kalh vkSj ukxiqj O;ixr osQ fl¼kUr osQ vUrxZr foy; dj fy, x, FksA voèk dks
'kkflrksa osQ fgr esa foy; fd;k x;kA ratkSj vkSj dukZVd osQ uokcksa dh jktdh; mifèk;k¡ lekIr dj nh xb± FkhaA
Hkkjrh; jkts ;g ekuus yxs Fks fd lHkh fj;klrksa dk vfLrRo [krjs esa gS vkSj bu lcdk foy; gksuk osQ osQoy
le; dk iz'u gSA lk/kj.k fo'okl Fkk fd ;g foy; ¶O;ixr osQ fl¼kUr osQ dkj.k ugha vfirq lHkh
¶uSfrdrkvksa osQ O;ixr¸ gksus osQ dkj.k gqvk gSA bu fj;klrksa osQ Hk; fujk/kj ugha Fks] fczfV'k lkezkT; osQ ,d
fuekZrk] lj pkYlZ usfi;j osQ i=k&O;ogkj ls Li"V gSA mlus fy[kk Fkk ¶;fn eSa 12 o"kZ osQ fy, Hkkjr dk lezkV
gksrk---------rks dksbZ Hkkjrh; jktk 'ks"k ugha jgrk----------fuT+kke dk uke Hkh lqukbZ u nsrk-----usiky gekjk gksrk-------
A¸ ekyslu us Bhd gh dgk gS fd MygkST+kh dh uhfr us vkSj vU; mQaps inkf/dkfj;ksa osQ dFkuksa vkSj ys[kksa us
,d izdkj dk ^vfo'okl* dk okrkoj.k mRiUu dj fn;k Fkk vkSj Hkkjrh;ksa dks ;g izrhr gksus yxk fd vaxzsT+k
¶eseus osQ :i esa HksfM+;s¸ dh Hkwfedk fuHkk jgs gSaA

fonzksg osQ dkj.k vf/d xw<+ Fks vkSj os lc twu 1757 osQ Iyklh osQ ;q¼ ls 29 ekpZ 1857 dks eaxy
ik.Ms }kjk vaxzst+ ,tqVsaV dh gR;k rd osQ vaxzsth iz'kklu osQ 100 o"kZ osQ bfrgkl esa fufgr gSaA

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