Page 197 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_HINDI

bdkbZ—10% tkWtZ foYgsYe izsQMfjd ghxy

1808 esa ckEcxZ NksM+dj U;wjsEcxZ vk x,] tgka 1816 rd ,d fo|ky; esa jsDVj rFkk izksisQlj osQ in ij dk;Z uksV
fd;kA ;suk osQ fnuksa osQ vUr ls gh ghxy usiksfy;u osQ O;fDrRo vkSj mlosQ ,sfrgkfld&izxfr'khy dk;ks± osQ
iz'kald cu x, FksA usiksfy;u dks mUgksaus jkT; dk egku~ uk;d] fo'okRek vkfn laKk,¡ nhaA mUgsa vk'kk Fkh fd
usiksfy;u vkSj mlosQ lqèkkjkRed dk;Z v¼ZlkeUrh teZuh esa Hkh izxfr'khy ifjorZu ykus vkSj cqtqZvk vfèkdkjksa
rFkk LorU=krkvksa ,oa lkafoèkkfud&izfrfufèkd laLFkkvksa dh LFkkiuk esa lgk;d gksaxsA usiksfy;u dk iru ghxy
osQ fy, fo'o bfrgkl osQ Lrj dh VªStsMh FkhA mUgsa ^dtkdksa c'dhjksa rFkk iz'kkbZ ns'kHkDrksa* vkSj ^vU; Js"B
eqfDrnkrkvksa* dh fot; ilUn ugha vk;h FkhA U;wjsEcxZ dky esa ghxy us ^roZQ foKku* uked jpuk izdkf'kr
dhA vDVwcj 1816 esa ghxy gkbMycxZ fo'ofo|ky; esa izksisQlj cu x,A 1817 esa mUgksaus ^O;qVsZEcxZ jkT; dh
Js.kh lHkk dh fjiksVZ* uked jpuk izdkf'kr dh ftlesa oa'kkxr] lkafoèkkfud <ax ls xfBr] lhfer jktrU=k dk
leFkZu fd;k x;kA gkbMycxZ esa fcrk, o"kks± esa gh mudk ^n'kZu 'kkL=k fo'odks'k* (1817) Hkh izdkf'kr gqvk
ftldk rhljk Hkkxμ^vkRek dk n'kZu* muosQ vfèkdkj n'kZu fo"k;d vkèkkjHkwr izLFkkiukvksa dks lefiZr gSA
vDVwcj 1818 ls 14 uoEcj 1831 rd (yxHkx e`R;qi;ZUr) ghxy cfyZu fo'ofo|ky; esa izksisQlj jgsA bl
dky esa mudh jktuhfrd fopkjèkkjk esa vuqnkjokn us tksj idM+kA 61 o"kZ dh mez esa 14 uoEcj 1831 dks
vpkud gSts dh chekjh ls mudk nsgkUr gks x;kA

c£yu fo'ofo|ky; esa izksisQlj osQ :i esa ghxy dks viwoZ [;kfr feyhA mUgsa teZuh dk jk"Vªh; nk'kZfud dgk
tkus yxkA muosQ Hkk"k.kksa dks lquus osQ fy, fo|k£Fk;ksa vkSj fo}kuksa dh HkhM+ yxh jgrh FkhA muosQ fuèku osQ ckn
ghxy dks i<+uk] muosQ n'kZu ij ppkZ djuk ,d iSQ'ku lk gks x;kA dksbZ Hkh nk'kZfud ;k fopkjd viuh fo}rk
dh Nki rc rd ugha NksM+ ldrk Fkk tc rd og ;g fl¼ u dj ns fd mlus ghxy osQ xzUFkksa dks i<+k gSA
ekDlZ rd dks ghxy i<+uk iM+kA 19oha 'krkCnh esa mUgsa u osQoy teZuh dk fpUrd ekuk tkrk Fkk cfYd IysVks
vkSj vjLrw dh dksfV dk fo'o Lrj dk nk'kZfud ekuk tkus yxkA

;g vk'p;Z dh ckr gS fd ftl O;fDr dks vkxs ,d izfl¼ nk'kZfud ,oa
fo'ofo|ky; esa n'kZu 'kkL=k dk izksisQlj cuuk Fkk mlosQ (ghxy osQ) Lukrd ijh{kk
osQ izek.k i=k ij ;g fy[kk Fkk fd ¶vFkZ'kkL=k vkSj Hkk"kk'kkL=k esa izoh.k gS] pfj=koku]
fdUrq n'kZu'kkL=k esa mldh dksbZ ;ksX;rk ugha gSA¸

ghxy dh jpuk,¡ (Works of Hegel)

ghxy u osQoy ,d egku~ nk'kZfud Fkk vfirq ,d fo}ku ys[kd Hkh FkkA mldh jpukvksa dh ifjfèk n'kZu vkSj
jktuhfr osQ {ks=kksa ls Hkh vfèkd vkxs FkhA mlosQ ÑfrRo dh ifjfèk esa n'kZu] vkè;kRe] dyk] vkpkj] bfrgkl
vkSj jktuhfr lHkh vkrs gSaA mldh dfri; mYys[kuh; jpuk,¡ fuEufyf[kr gSaμ
(1) fiQuksfeuksykWth vkWiQ fLifjV (The Phenomenology of Spirit),
(2) lkbUl vkWiQ ykWftd (Science of Logic),
(3) ,sulkbDyksihfM;k vkWiQ fn fiQykslksfiQdy lkbUl (The Eneyclopaedia of the Philosophical Sci-
ences),

(4) fiQyksliQh vkWiQ ykW ;k fiQykliQh vkWiQ jkbV (The Philosophy of Law or Philosophical Sciences),
(5) dkULVhVÔw'ku vkWiQ teZuh (Constitution of Germany),

(6) fn fiQyksliQh vkWiQ fgLVªh (The Philosophy of History),
ghxy osQ nk'kZfud fopkjksa dk Js"Bre fupksM+ mlosQ xzUFk ^fiQuksfeukWyksth vkWiQ fLifjV* esa feyrk gSA ;g

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