Page 259 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_HINDI

rqyukRed jktuhfr vkSj ljdkj

uksV mUgsa ny dh fuèkkZfjr uhfr;ksa dk leFkZu vfuok;Z :i ls djuk iM+rk gS] vU;Fkk nyh; vuq'kklu dk
dksi&Hkktu cuuk iM+rk gSA fxycVZ us fy[kk gS fd ¶eSaus ges'kk vius ny osQ vuqlkj er fn;k vkSj
Lo;a dHkh Hkh oqQN ugha lkspkA¸ ukxfjdksa dh LorU=krk dk Hkh vigj.k gksrk gS D;ksafd vfuPNk osQ ckotwn
mUgsa fdlh&u&fdlh ny dk leFkZu djuk iM+rk gSA
11- vusd ns'kksa esa jktuhfrd nyksa osQ ekè;e ls iw¡thifr oxZ 'kklu ij fu;U=k.k dj ysrk gSA ny iw¡thifr;ksa
ls vk£Fkd lgk;rk ysrs gSaA vr% os muosQ gkFk dh dBiqryh cu tkrs gSaA ljdkj ij bl fu;U=k.k osQ
pyrs iw¡thifr oxZ ^vn`'; ljdkj* (Invisible government) cu tkrk gSA
ny&i¼fr osQ nks"kksa dks nwj djus dk mik;μfuLlUnsg ny&i¼fr esa dfri; nks"k gSa] ysfdu bu nks"kksa osQ
pyrs mls tM+&ewy ls uk'k dj nsuk vlEHko rFkk vLokHkkfod gSA gk¡] muosQ nks"kksa dks nwj dj Hkys gh muesa
lqèkkj yk;k tk ldrk gSA lcls igys nyksa dk fuekZ.k rFkk laxBu jktuhfrd fl¼karksa osQ vkèkkj ij gksuk pkfg,A
f'kf{kr turk gh jktuhfrd leL;kvksa dks leqfpr :i ls le> ldrh gS rFkk nyksa dh uhfr;ksa vkSj dk;ZØeksa
dk lgh ewY;kadu dj ldrk gSA turk dh xjhch dks nwj djuk pkfg, ftlls muosQ er dks dksbZ ny [kjhn
u losQ rFkk iw¡thifr;ksa dk ny ij fu;U=k.k u gks losQA nyksa dks Hkh viuk n`f"Vdks.k o`gn djuk pkfg,A mUgsa
nyh; fgr dks R;kx dj jk"Vªh; fgr dks viuk y{; cukuk pkfg,A ljdkj dks pkfg, fd og nyksa dh vuSfrd]
voSèkkfud rFkk vuqfpr dk;Zokfg;ksa ij dM+k fu;U=k.k j[ksA laoqQfpr vkèkkjksa ij laxfBr nyksa&lkEiznkf;d]
èkk£ed] tkrh; vkèkkj vkfn dks voSèkkfud djkj nsuk xyr u gksxkA ljdkj fdlh ny dk i{kikr u djsa]
cfYd lHkh nyksa dks leku ,oa mfpr volj iznku djsA lÙkk:<+ ny dks pkfg, fd og fojksèkh nyksa osQ vPNs
lq>koksa dk vknj djs rFkk lHkh nyksa dks leku ,oa mfpr volj iznku djsA lÙkk:<+ ny dks pkfg, fd og
fojksèkh nyksa osQ vPNs lq>koksa dk vknj djs rFkk mUgsa dk;kZfUor djus dk iz;Ru djsA fltfod us ny i¼fr
osQ nks"kksa dks nwj djus osQ fy, oqQN O;kogkfjd lkèku crk;s gSaA vè;{kkRed 'kklu&i¼fr osQ vUrxZr jk"Vªifr
dk fuokZpu O;oLFkkfidk }kjk fd;k tkuk pkfg, rFkk dk;Zikfydk osQ deZpkfj;ksa dk in nycUnh osQ vuqlkj
ugha gksuk pkfg,A foHkkxh; vè;{kksa dh fu;qfDr nyh; vkèkkj ij ugha gksuk pkfg, rFkk foèkkf;dk lHkk osQ
vfo'okl&izLrko osQ ckn efU=keaMy dks in&R;kx djuk pkfg,A
jktuhfrd nyksa osQ dk;Z (Functions of the Political Parties)

jktuhfrd O;oLFkk esa jktuhfrd ny vusd izdkj ls lfØ; jg ldrk gSA ny dh lajpuk] vU; nyksa dh
fo|ekurk rFkk jktuhfrd O;oLFkk dh fo'ks"krkvksa osQ }kjk ny osQ dk;ks± o Hkwfedk dk fu;eu gksrk gSA jkcVZ
lh- cksu osQ vuqlkj ,d jktuhfrd ny ,slk ifjoR;Z gS tks rhu izdkj dh Hkwfedk ,d lkFk fuHkkus dh {kerk
j[krk gSA ;g ,d gh lkFk eè;orhZ] LorU=k ;k vkfJr ifjoR;Z osQ :i esa xR;kRed Hkwfedk fuHkk ldrk gS
;k buesa ls dksbZ ,d Hkwfedk Hkh fu"ikfnr dj ldrk gSA jktuhfrd ny dh ifjoR;Z osQ :i esa bu rhuksa
Hkwfedkvksa dk i`Fkd&i`Fkd o.kZu djosQ gh bl :i esa ny dh Hkwfedk dk lgh ewY;kadu fd;k tk ldrk gSμ
(1) eè;oÙkhZ ifjoR;Z osQ :i esa ny dh Hkwfedk (Role of political party as an intervening
variable)μjktuhfrd ny eè;oÙkhZ ifjoR;Z osQ :i esa egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk vnk djrk gSA bl :i esa ny ljdkjh
rU=k rFkk jktuhfrd lekt osQ chp esa vknku&iznku dh dM+h dk dke djrk gSA ;g lekt vkSj ljdkj dks
tksM+rk gSA bl :i esa ny {ks=kh; fgrksa dks ,d&nwljs osQ djhc ykrs gSa] HkkSxksfyd nwfj;ksa dk fuokj.k djrs gSa
vkSj dHkh&dHkh foHkDr dj nsus okyh 'kklu lajpukvksa esa lkeatL; LFkkfir djrs gSaA jktuhfrd ny dh bl
:i esa Hkwfedk gj izdkj dh jktuhfrd O;oLFkk esa jgrh gSA eè;oÙkhZ ifjoR;Z osQ :i esa ny dh Hkwfedk osQ
nks igyw gksrs gSaA tc ;g lÙkk:<+ gks] rc bldh Hkwfedk esa ml voLFkk dh Hkwfedk ls FkksM+k vUrj vk tkrk
gS tc ;g lÙkk ls ckgj gksrk gS ij ;g vUrj ek=kkRed gh gksrk gS] izdkjkRed ugha gks ldrkA eè;oÙkhZ
ifjoR;Z osQ :i esa ny dh rhu lkekU; Hkwfedk,a gksrh gSaμ

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