Page 46 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_HINDI

lkekftd lajpuk ,oa lkekftd ifjorZu

uksV gSnjkckn 3-0 2-7
vgenkckn 2-9 2-7
dkuiqj 2-1 1-8

iq.ks 1-9 1-8

tula[;k vkdkj osQ vk/kj ij 'kgjh osQUnzksa dks 6 Jsf.k;ksa esa foHkDr fd;k x;k gSA ;s Jsf.k;k¡ gSaμ(1) 1]00]000
;k vf/d] (2) 50]000 ls 1]00]000 rd] (3) 20]000 ls 50]000 rd] (4) 10]000 ls 20]000 rd] (5)
5]000 ls 10]000 rd] vkSj (6) 5]000 ls deA blosQ vykok fnYyh] dydÙkk] cEcbZ] enzkl] vgenkckn]
gSnkjkckn] caxykSj vkSj dkuiqj vkfn egkuxj gSaA Lora=krk osQ i'pkr ik¡poha vkSj pkSFkh Jsf.k;ksa osQ 'kgjksa dh o`f¼
cgqr de gqbZ gSA vkS|ksfxd uxjksa dh o`f¼ fo'ks"kdj caxky] fcgkj vkSj mM+hlk esa gqbZ gSA
Hkkjr esa dLc vkSj 'kgj vkS|ksxhdj.k osQ ifj.kke ugha gSaA ¯l/q ?kkVh dh lH;rk ewyr% uxjh; lH;rk FkhA iwoZ
vkS|ksfxd Hkkjr esa rhFkZ&LFkku] jkt/kfu;k¡] O;kikfjd osQUnz vkSj ckSf¼d fodkl osQUnz rFkk fo'ofo|ky; 'kgjksa
esa osQfUnzr FksA vkS|ksxhdj.k osQ igys okjk.klh] bykgkckn] fr#ifr] ve`rlj] vtesj] gfj}kj] fnYyh] vkxjk]
gSnjkckn] iq.ks] <kdk] ukyank vkSj r{kf'kyk izfl¼ FksA vkt rhFkZ LFkkuksa okys 'kgj O;kikj osQ osQUnz cu x, gSaA
jkt/kfu;ksa okys 'kgjksa esa lsuk] iqfyl] vf/dkjh ra=k] vkSj cqf¼thoh yksx jgrs gSaA bu 'kgjksa esa dykdkj]
laxhrdkj] xk;d vkSj fo}ku Hkh jgrs gSaA vaxzstksa osQ vkxeu osQ dkj.k canjxkg okys 'kgj O;kikfjd osQUnz cu
x,A ckn esa ;s gh 'kgj] vFkkZr~ dydÙkk] cEcbZ vkSj enzkl mPp f'k{kk vkSj fof/ O;olk; osQ osQUnz Hkh cu x,A
;s iwoZ vkS|ksfxd uxj viuh {kerk vkSj miyC/ lalk/uksa dh rqyuk esa vkt cgqr dM+s cu x, gSaA

2-2-8 uxjhdj.k dh vo/kj.kk
uxjhdj.k dk vfHkizk; ijEijkxr lkekftd laLFkkvksa vkSj ewY;ksa osQ Hkax ;k fcxkM+ gksus ls gSA uxjhdj.k osQ
ifj.kkeLo:i Hkkjr esa tkfr izFkk oxZ O;oLFkk esa] la;qDr ifjokj ,dkdh ifjokj esa vkSj /k£ed ewY;ksa esa ifjorZu
ugha gq, gSaA ,e- ,l- ,- jko dk er gS fd fcxkM+ dh ifjdYiuk dh mRifÙk if'peh lalkj osQ vuqHko ls gqbZ
gS vkSj blfy, Hkkjr esa ijEijkxr uxjhdj.k osQ rF;ksa dks utjvankt fd;k tkrk gSA ;g Hkh lgh gS fd vkèkqfud
uxjhdj.k ijEijkxr uxjhdj.k ls fHkUu gSA
izkphu Hkkjr esa 'kgj iwtk] ok£"kd /k£ed lEewyuksa vkSj O;kikj o tgktjkuh osQ egRoiw.kZ osQUnz FksA bu 'kgjksa
dh tula[;k fLFkj FkhA vkt 'kgj vkS|ksfxd osQUnz] ftys] jkT; osQ eq[;ky; ;k mPp f'k{kk osQ osQUnz cus gq,
gSaA uxjksa esa fofo/ izdkj dh tula[;k gSA u, 'kgjksa esa p.Mhx<+] xk¡/huxj] cksdkjks] fHkykbZ vkSj ¯lnjh vkfn
osQ uke fy, tk ldrs gSaA oqQN 'kgjksa dk ijEijkxr egRo lekIr gks x;k gS tcfd vk£Fkd vkSj jktuhfrd
dkj.kksa ls oqN 'kgjksa dk egRo vf/d c<+ x;k gSA
uxjksa osQ vè;;uksa dks jko us rhu Jsf.k;ksa esa oxhZÑr fd;k gSμ(1) laLFkkRed mikxeksa ls lEcfU/r vè;;u]
(2) lH;rkvksa osQ bfrgkl osQ lkekU; lanHkks± esa 'kgjksa vkSj muosQ fodkl dk vè;;u] vkSj (3) nh?kZ ijEijk
osQ lkekftd laxBu osQ lanHkZ esa 'kgjksa dh laLÑfr o Hkwfedk osQ ckjs esa O;k[;k djus okys vè;;uA izFke
vfHker osQ vuqlkj ge vk£Fkd laLFkkvksa mnkgj.kkFkZ] eè;e oxZ vkSj O;kikfjd laxBu dk izknqHkkZo o /eZ dh
Hkwfedk dk mYys[k dj ldrs gSaA fijsUus osQ vuqlkj O;kikj vkSj ysu&nsu esa O;Lr eè;e oxZ vkSj lewg 'kgjksa
esa ik, tkrs gSaA oqQykaxs us izkphu uxjksa dh rqyuk /k£ed leqnk;ksa ls dh gSA eSDl oscj us lkekftd fØ;k vkSj
Lok;Ùk uxjh; ljdkj ij tksj fn;kA bl izdkj laLFkkRed mikxeksa osQ leFkZdksa us 'kgjksa osQ fodkl dh fof'k"V
voLFkkvksa vkSj dkj.kksa dks fofHkUu lUnHkks± esa ns[kkA LiSUxyj] VkW;uch] xsM~Msl] ?kq;sa] eeiQksMZ vkSj foFkZ us lH;rk
osQ fodkl osQ lekukUrj gh uxj osQ fodkl dk mYys[k fd;k gSA fo'o bfrgkl dks os uxj bfrgkl dh rjg
gh ns[krs gSaA 'kgj lH;rk dk niZ.k gSA 'kgj lH;rk dk izrhd gSA jkscVZ jsMiQhYM us ijEijk vkSj laLÑfr osQ

40 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY