Page 75 - DSOC202_SOCIAL_STRATIFICATION_HINDI

lkekftd Lrjhdj.k

uksV 5-1 tkfr] oxZ ,oa ¯yx (Caste, Class and Gender)

tkfr vkSj ¯yx osQ chp osQ laca/ dh larks"kizn le> vHkh fodflr fd;k tkuk 'ks"k gSA ,sls esa oxZ vkSj tkfr
osQ ,sfrgkfld fodkl dh iM+rky ls izLFkku djuk lqfo/ktud jgsxkA rRi'pkr~ ge bls ¯yxhÑr djsaxsA ;g
bfrgkl osQ nks izeq[k {k.kksa dks tksM+us esa enn djrk gSA igyk] euq&iwoZ lkekftd xBu (ikapoha ls rhljh lnh
bZlk iwoZ osQ chp dh vof/)] ftldk ckS¼ lkfgR; esa cM+k gh vPNk fp=k.k ntZ gS] ls euq }kjk fpf=kr lekt
(igyh ;k nwljh lnh) esa gq, ifjorZu esa ns[kk tk ldrk gSA M~;wek dh vxqvkbZ esa dh xbZ tkfr dh lajpukoknh
foospuk larks"kin ugha gSA dkj.k] blesa tkfr vfrO;kid vkSj fLFkfr'khy dksfV (LVSfVd oSQVxjh) osQ :i esa
O;oâr dh xbZ gS ftlls ml laf'y"V vkSj fo"kekaxh (gsVsjkstsul) lkekftd ;FkkFkZ ij inkZ&lk iM+ tkrk gS tks
yxkrkj cnyrh jgh gSA lajpukokfn;ksa us lkekftd ;FkkFkZ ls fo'ys"k.k vFkok foospuk fodflr djus dh txg
vkpkj lafgrkvksa] feFkdksa vkSj lkfgR; esa fpf=kr lkekftd :iksa lajpukvksa dks lkekftd ;FkkFkZ ij vkjksfir dj
fn;k ftlesa tksj osQoy /kj.kkvksa vkSj fl¼karksa ij gSA tcfd lkekftd ;FkkFkZ osQ eq[; fu.kkZ;d dkjd&iqujksRiknu
laca/ gSaA ,sls esa] czkã.koknh vkpkj lafgrkvksa esa ekStwn fp=k.kksa osQ cjvDl ft, vkSj Hkksxs x, ;FkkFkZ dks [kM+k
fd;k tkuk mfpr le>k x;k] tks dHkh&dHkh izR;{k ugha gksrk] ysfdu ftls HkkSfrd laca/ksa dk fo'ys"k.k Li"V
djrk gSA gkykafd lqnwj vrhr osQ ft, vkSj Hkksxs x, ;FkkFkZ dk js[kkadu dfBu gS ysfdu ckS¼&tSu Ïksr gesa
mldk [kkdk cquus osQ fy, dPph lkexzh miyC/ djrs gSaA o.kZukRed fdLe osQ bu Ïksrksa esa txgksa] yksxksa]
mudh lkekftd tM+ksa vkSj ?kVukvksa dk C;ksjk feyrk gS ftUgsa rF;ijd fp=k.k osQ :i esa u Hkh fy;k tk, rks
Hkh lkekftd laca/ksa osQ rkus&ckus dh rjiQ laosQr djus osQ n`f"Vdks.k ls os mi;ksxh gSaA
Hkkjrh; miegk}hi osQ vkjafHkd izkxSfrgkfld lektksa dk [kkdk iqjkrkfRod izek.kksa elyu] vkStkj] feV~Vh osQ
crZu vkSj vkokl jgs xqiQk vo'ks"k (tks dHkh&dHkh bfrgkl dk owQM+k&LFky Hkh dgs tkrs gSa) osQ vk/kj ij
[khapk tkrk gSA ysfdu buls iDosQ rkSj ij ;g irk ugha pyrk fd lekt osQ xBu dk Lo:i oSQlk Fkk] L=kh&iq#"k
osQ chp lÙkk laca/ Fkk vFkok ugha FkkA f'kdkj&[kk|laxzg voLFkk okyh tutkfr;ksa osQ u`'kkL=kh; fooj.kksa osQ
vk/kj ij fo}kuksa us fdlh [kkl rjg osQ lkekftd xBu vkSj mlesa laHko gks ldus okys lÙkk laca/ osQ chp
osQ laca/ dk [kkdk [khapk gSA ;g er izLrqr fd;k x;k gS fd izko~Q&voLFkk osQ lektksa esa lÙkk laca/ u osQ cjkcj
Fks vkSj ¯yx vk/kfjr HksnHkko dk vfLrRo ugha gh jgk gksxkA bl lanHkZ esa] u`'kkfL=k;ksa osQ lkFk&lkFk bfrgkldkj
xMkZ yuZj dk dk;Z Hkh mi;ksxh gSA
L=kh vkSj iq#"k osQ chp Je foHkktu Fkk] ftlesa iq#"kksa osQ ftEes f'kdkj ij tkuk vkSj fL=k;ksa vkSj cPpksa osQ ftEes
[kk|kUu bdV~Bk djuk Fkk vkSj L=kh&iq#"k osQ chp osQ laca/ dk lÙkk laca/ esa ifj.kr gksuk mlh Je foHkktu dk
urhtk FkkA bu nksuksa gh /kj.kkvksa ij loky [kM+s fd, tkus yxs gSaA ukjhokfn;ksa us ;g er izLrqr fd;k gS fd
f'kdkj&[kk|kUu laxzg ;qx osQ lektksa esa Hkkstu dk lkB izfr'kr eNyh] oaQn&ewy vkSj iQy gksrs Fks ;kuh eq[;r%
fL=k;ksa vkSj cPpksa }kjk bdV~Bs fd, x, [kk| inkFkks± ij thou fVdk Fkk u fd iq#"kksa osQ cM+s vk[ksVksa ij] tSlk fd
gkWyhoqM dh fiQYeksa esa vkfne lektksa osQ ckjs esa fn[kkrs gSaA ^fL=k;ksa dk dk;Z* iq#"kksa osQ dk;ks± dh rqyuk eas ghurj
Fkk] ,slh ckr ugha FkhA oSls Hkh] cM+s vk[ksVksa esa iq#"kksa osQ lkFk fL=k;ksa osQ Hkh 'kjhd gksus osQ fp=k.k eè; Hkkjr esa
izkIr gq, bZlk iwoZ 5000 (eè;ik"kk.kdkyhu) dh HkhecsVdk dh xqiQkvksa osQ isa¯Vx esa ns[kus dks feyrs gSaA isa¯Vx esa
fL=k;ka iQy vkSj vU; [kk| inkFkZ cVksjus osQ lkFk&lkFk Vksdjh vkSj tky NksVs&eksVs vk[ksV djrs gq, Hkh n'kkZbZ xbZ
gSaA isa¯Vx esa ,d L=kh osQ da/s ls Vksdjh yVd jgh gS ftlesa nks cPps gSa vkSj mlosQ flj ij ,d i'kq ynk gqvk
gS ;kuh ,d lkFk eka vkSj laxzgdrkZ dh Hkwfedk,a fuHkkrh L=kh_ ,d vU; L=kh fgj.k dk lhax idM+dj [khap jgh
gSa rks ,d vU; eNyh idM+ jgh gSA Vksdjh fy, gqbZ fL=k;ksa dks izk;% xHkZorh gh fpf=kr fd;k x;k gSA lkewfgd
f'kdkj&n`';ksa esa fL=k;ka Hkh 'kkfey fn[kkbZ xbZ gSaA dHkh&dHkh ge mUgsa flj esa Vksi yxkrs Hkh ikrs gSaA vuqekur% dgk
tk ldrk gS fd f'kdkj dh liQyrk osQ fy, mudh lkaosQfrd vkSj okLrfod nksuksa Lrjksa ij Hkkxhnkjh FkhA

70 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY