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Sahil Rampal, Lovely Professional University Unit 8: Normalization

Unit 8: Normalization Notes

CONTENTS
Objectives

Introduction
8.1 Normalization

8.2 First Normal Form
8.3 Second Normal Form
8.4 Third Normal Form

8.5 Boyce Codd Normal Form
8.6 Fourth Normal Form

8.7 Fifth Normal Form
8.8 Summary
8.9 Keywords

8.10 Self Assessment
8.11 Review Questions
8.12 Further Readings

Objectives

After studying this unit, you will be able to:
 Define normalization
 Describe first, second, third normal forms
 Knowing Boyce Codd normal form
 Explain fourth and fifth normal forms

Introduction

Normalization is the step-by-step decomposition of complex records into simple records. Through
normalization a collection of a data in a record structure is replaced by successive record structures
that are simpler and more manageable. Normalization is carried out mainly for four reasons:
1. To structure the data so that any pertinent relationship between entities can be represented.
2. To permit easy retrieval of data in response to query a report requests.
3. To simplify the maintenance of the data through updates, insertions and deletions.
4. To reduce the need to restructure or reorganize data when new application requirements
arise.

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