Page 116 - DMGT206_PRODUCTION_AND_OPERATIONS_MANAGEMENT

Unit 5: Quality Management

acceptance number is met. If the result falls between the two numbers, it is inconclusive and calls Notes
for a second sample. After measuring the second sample, the cumulative evidence from both
samples leads to either an acceptance or a rejection.

Multiple Sampling Plan

Multiple sampling is generally also called sequential sampling. It is used in continuous, large
volume production. This method extends the double-sampling concept. Many samples, each of
a very small size, are randomly taken from different lots until the cumulative evidence is
conclusive enough to warrant acceptance or rejection. In most applications, multiple sampling
requires fewer sample units than double sampling to arrive at the accept-reject decision.

Although both double and multiple-sampling require fewer sample units, they are also more
cumbersome to design, implement, and understand. This may explain why single sampling is
the preferred method and so frequently encountered in practice.
Self Assessment

Fill in the blanks:
17. When the inspection has to basically decide whether or not the item is within the specified
limits, the procedure is called ……………… .

18. A ……………… is the overall scheme for the acceptance or rejection of a lot based on
information gained from a sample.



Case Study Quality at Jet

he liberalization process of the airline industry in India started on December 11,
1990 with the issuance of the new Air Taxi Guidelines. Private airlines were
Tdesignated as Air Taxi Operators (ATOs). The major ATOs to start operations with
jet aircraft in 1992-93 were: East West Airlines, Damania Airways, ModiLuft, Jet Airways,
Sahara India Airlines, and NEPC. Jet Airways took to the skies on May 5, 1993. The Air
Corporations Act was repealed in January 1994, and by 1995, all the major private operators
were granted Scheduled Airlines status. However, by 1996-97, four of the private airlines
had to cease operations. The government-owned Indian Airlines, Alliance Air, Sahara and
Jet remained the only players in the market.

"It was only with the entry of Jet Airways that the Indian passengers got a taste of the
service they were entitled to as paying customers. Even as the other private carriers like
ModiLuft, East West, Damania and NEPC have disappeared into the blue one-by-one, Jet
Airways continues not just to survive but to fly even higher. It is practically the challenger
to Indian Airlines' dominance over the Indian skies, with Air Sahara, the only other
contender, being a distant third." (Business India, 1998)
Jet Airways achieved a market share of 6.6 per cent in its first year of operations (1993-94)
and by 2000-01, achieved a market share of 40 per cent. Jet Airways today has a fleet
strength of 28 Boeing 737-400 (Classics), Boeing 737-700/800, and five ATR 72-500 aircraft
that operate over 215 flights daily to 39 destinations across India. The growth of Jet Airways
has been accompanied by substantial investment in computerization, distribution
(ticketing officers, GSA and interline agreements), infrastructure, and training.
Contd...

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