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Human Resource Mangement

Notes (b) by visits to the home of the insured person; or
(c) treatment as inpatient in a hospital or other institution.

14.4.1 Industrial Health

Industrial heath is essential to:
1. Promote and maintain the highest degree of physical, social and mental well being of
workers.
2. Improve productivity and quality of work.
3. Reduce accidents, injuries, absenteeism and labour turnover.

4. Protect workers against any health hazard arising out of work or conditions in which it is
carried on.

Legal Provisions Regarding Health

The Factories Act, 1948, lays emphasis on the following preventive measures (Sec. 11 to 20):
1. Cleanliness (11): Every factory shall be kept clean and free from effluvia. Dirt must be
removed daily. Benches, staircases, passages and the floor of the workroom must be
cleaned daily so that there is no accumulation of dirt. Workroom floors must be washed at
least once a week, with some disinfecting fluid. Walls, partitions, ceilings, doors, windows,
etc., be painted, varnished periodically.

2. Wastes (12): There must be effective arrangements for the disposal and/or treatment of
waste and effluents.
3. Ventilation and Temperature (13): Every workroom in the factory must have proper
natural ventilation, permitting circulation of fresh air. The room temperature should be
kept at a level comfortable to workers. The walls and roofs should be of such material and
of such design so as to keep the temperature low. High temperature may be controlled by
whitewashing, spraying and insulating the factory premises by screening outside walls,
windows and roofs.
4. Dust and Fumes (14): Effective arrangements must be made to prevent or reduce the
inhalation and accumulation of dust and fumes. Exhaust appliances should be employed
near the place of origin of dust and fumes.
5. Artificial Humidification (15): In cotton textile and cigarette manufacturing units where
artificial humidification is used, State Government rules should be followed. Water used
for artificial humidification must be properly purified.

6. Overcrowding (16): No room in the factory should be overcrowded. There should be at
least 14.2 cubic meters of space for every workman.
7. Lighting (17): The factory must have sufficient and suitable lighting arrangements - both
natural and artificial glazed windows and skylights used to light the workroom should be
kept clean. Provisions should be made for the prevention of glare and the formation of
shadows in the work spot.
8. Drinking Water (18): The factory must provide wholesome drinking water at suitable,
convenient points. All such points are marked 'drinking water' clearly in a language
understood by majority of workers. Every such point should be away (not within 6 meters
range) from urinals, latrine, spittoons, open drains, etc. Where the factory employs more

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