Page 490 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

O;f"V vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV

D;k vki tkurs gSa ,d xjhc ozsQrk ftldh [kkst dher ykxr rFkk lqjf{kr dher de gksrh gS]
mldh rqyuk esa de nqdkuksa esa tk,xkA

uSfrd Hk; (Moral Hazard)

oLrqr% cgqr de vPNh dkjksa osQ ekfyd mUgsa csprs le; foLr`r okjaVh nsuk pkgrs gSaA blosQ nks dkj.k
gSaμizFke] uSfrd Hk; dh leL;k gSA uSfrd Hk; rc gksrk gS tc oszQrk vius O;ogkj dh ykxr dkj osQ
fooszQrk ls ysuk pkgrk gSA tc ,d foozsQrk dkj ,d okjaVh osQ lkFk csprk gS] rks u;k ekfyd dkj dks
ykijokgh ls pyk ldrk gS D;ksafd og tkurk gS fd lHkh ejEerksa dh dher fooszQrk dks nsuh gksxhA blh
dkj.k dksbZ fooszQrk fdlh izdkj dh okjaVh nsus dh rS;kj ugha gksrkA
f}rh;] okjaVh dks ykxw djus dh leL;k gSA okjaVh ysus osQ ckn] oszQrk dks fooszQrk ljyrk ls ugha fey ldrk
rFkk vius lqèkkj dk;Z dk fcy olwy ugha dj ldrkA fooszQrk bl vkèkkj ij iSlk nsus ls euk dj ldrk
gS fd xzkgd us dkj dh vPNh ns[kHkky ugha dhA
bl izdkj] uSfrd Hk; rFkk okjaVh ykxw djus dh leL;k vPNh dkjksa rFkk cqjh dkjksa osQ i`FkDdkjh larqyu gksus
dks jksdrs gSaA ;gh dkj.k gS fd os ,d gh cktkj esa ,d lkFk ,df=kr gksrh gSaA

cktkj laosQru (Market Signalling)
izfrowQy pquko rFkk uSfrd Hk; dh leL;kvksa dks gy djus osQ fy,] ekbdy LisUl (Micheal Spence)]
,d ukscsy vFkZ'kkL=kh us cktkj laosQru dk lq>ko fn;kA mlus fn[kk;k fd tc lwpuk viw.kZ gksrh gS]
^^laosQru** jkstxkj cktkj (job market) esa O;fDr;ksa dh fo'ks"krkvksa osQ ckjs esa lwpuk mRiUu djrk gSA ewy
fopkj ;g gS fd izkFkhZ (applicants) ,d fo'ks"k jkstxkj osQ fy, viuh ;ksX;rkvksa dh lwpuk nsus osQ fy,
fu;ksDrk (employer) dks laosQr Hkstrk gSA LisUl osQ erkuqlkj] ,d laosQr f'k{kk }kjk fn;k tkrk gS] rFkk
mikfèk (degree) dks fu;ksDrk ewy ;ksX;rkvksa dk ,d VsLV ekurs gSaA f'k{kk osQ mPp Lrj okys izkfFkZ;ksa dks
os vfèkd mRiknd ekurs gSa vkSj mUgsa mQ¡ps osru nsrs gSaA nwljh rjiQ ftudk f'k{kk dk Lrj fuEu gS] os de
mRiknd gksrs gSa rFkk mUgsa de osru fn, tkrs gSaA bl izdkj] fu;ksDrk f'k{kk dks mRikndrk dk laosQr ekurs gSaA
laosQru dh O;k[;k djus osQ fy,] LisUl us jkstxkj&cktkj dk ,d ekWMy fodflr fd;k tks jkstxkj izkfFkZ;ksa
dh f'k{kk osQ Lrj ij vkèkkfjr gSA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa esa ls lgh@xyr Nk¡fV,
(State whether the following statements are True/False)μ
7- lqjf{kr dher esa ,d FkksM+k ifjorZu laHkkfor [kjhn dher dks de dj nsrk gSA
8- lqjf{kr dher] [kkstksa dh la[;k rFkk [kjhn dh oqQy ykxr] izfr bdkbZ [kkst ykxrksa ij fuHkZj djrs gSaA
9- tc ,d i{k osQ ikl nwljs ls vfèkd lwpuk miyCèk gks] rks vuqowQy pquko dh leL;k mRiUu gksrh gSA
10- vFkZ'kkL=kh rFkk vk£Fkd fo'ys"kdksa us LVkWd cktkj esa dherksa osQ O;ogkj dk vè;;u fd;k gSA

ekU;rk,¡ (Assumptions)

;g ekWMy fuEufyf[kr ekU;rkvksa ij vkèkkfjr gSμ
1- f'k{kk osQ Lrj rFkk mRikndrk esa èkukRed lg&lacaèk gSA

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