Page 305 - DECO403_MATHEMATICS_FOR_ECONOMISTS_HINDI

VED1
E\L-LOVELY-H\math18-1 IInd 21-10-11 IIIrd 24-1-12 IVth 21-4-12 Vth 20-8-12 VIth 10-9-12 VIIth 11-5-13

bdkbZ vkO;wg % vFkZ ,oa izdkj

ba ba ..... b a uksV
b  1  11 1 2 1 n
  ba ba ..... ba
2 2
2 n
21
 b 2  ..... ........... .....

,  :  . / ,
  ..... ........... .....
b  n    1 n ba 1 ba 2 ..... b a
×
n
n
n n
4 1 2
 1 3  2
mnkgj.k 3- ;fn
  ,oa

3 −1 5 gks rks
 −1 3 1  2× 3 2 3 1
3× 3
dk eku Kkr dhft;sµ
4  1 2
 2 1 3  
gy %
,    3 − 1 5 
 − 1 3 1 
 2  3 1 
2.4 +  1.3 + 3.2 2.1 + ( 1) + − 3.3 2.2 + 1.5 + 3.1 
,  
+
+
 (1)4 + − 3.3 1.2 (1) .1 + − 3(1) + − 1.3 (1)2 + − 3.5 11 
 17 10 22
,  
 7 1 14  23
×
egÙoiw.kZ uksVµ;fn vkO;wg
,oa nksuksa ,d gh Øe osQ oxZ vkO;wg gSa rc
,oa
nksuksa ifjHkkf"kr jgsaxs
rFkk nksuksa mlh Øe osQ oxZ vkO;wg gksaxs] fiQj Hkh lkekU;r%

≠
- vFkkZr~ vkO;wg xq.ku Øe
fofues; ugha gSA
 1 0  0 1
mnkgj.k 4- ;fn
  vkSj

 
 0 0   0 0 
gks] rks
dk eku fudkfy;sA
0  1 1  0 0  0
gy %
,     ,   , 4
 0 0   0 0   0 0 
blls ;g fl¼ gksrk gS fd vkO;wg xq.ku ,d 'kwU; vkO;wg gS ysfdu
≠ 4 vkSj ≠ 4

vkO;wg xq.ku dk lkgp;Z fu;e
vkO;wg xq.ku dk lkgp;Z fu;e 8 - 5 . " 2 # 1# -
;fn
, . / Øe dk gS] , . /- 9 Øe dk gS rFkk , . /- 9 Øe dk gS] rc

,
- nksuksa i{k 9 Øe osQ vkO;wg gSa] vFkkZr~ vkO;wg xq.ku lgpkjh gSA
;g lqxerk ls fl¼ dj ldrs gSaA

eku yhft;s tgk¡ , . /- tgk¡

p
, 0 0 0 π , ∑ bc

ik ki
k = 1