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VED1
          E\L-LOVELY-H\math22-1 IInd 21-10-11  IIIrd 24-1-12  IVth 21-4-12  Vth 20-8-12  VIth 10-9-12 VIIth 11-5-13


                                                                                           bdkbZ     vkO;wg dk in





                              − x  2     1  5                                                    uksV
          mnkgj.k 3% ;fn   4      1 − x  0   2    rks   dh izR;sd ewY; osQ fy, in dk fu/kZj.k dhft,A
                              1    0   1 − x 

                          − x   2    1  5
          gy% fn;k gS   4     1 − x  0   2
                                        
                          1     0   1 − x 

          mijksDr lkjf.kd dk r`rh; dkWye osQ vk/kj ij foLrkj djus ij
                 4     5         &  9 9 4   A/ 5      5   B 5 / A/ 5  B 3    5    A % 5       5    5 "B

          vFkkZr~] ;fn   ≠ /7   vkSj & vkO;wg   dk in 3 gksxk

                                − x  2 5
          vkSj ;fn   4 /7  7 & rks      0  1     4 5  ≠ /7 in 2 gksxkA

          js[kh; fuHkZjrk ,oa vkO;wg dk in  > 
      ! 
  
    
    
:    )    $ % ,d vkO;wg dh
          iafDr;ksa (dkWye) esa rHkh js[kh; fuHkZjrk ik;h tkrh tc mu iafDr;ksa (dkWye) dk js[kh; la;kstu 'kwU; osDVj
           	       osQ cjkcj gksrh gSA vFkkZr~_

                    a  a 12  a 13   11
                              
          ;fn      a 21  a 22  a 23  rks
                              
                    a  a 32  a 33  31
                       3       3       4 /

                      3       3       4 /

                       3      3      4 /

          ;gk¡   7    vkSj    esa de ls de ,d dk ewy 'kwU; gksuk pkfg,A



          mnkgj.k 1% uhps fn;s gq, vkO;wg dh js[kh; Lora=krk dh tk¡p dhft, ,oa in fudkfy;s_
                                             4 12
                                       
                                     4 24     8 
                                               
                                         36 12 
          gy% xq.kk djus ij        	  vkSj   	   esa 5  rFkk tksM+us ij   	  = rks

                 5 	  5  	  3 	  4 /

                 5  	  3 	  4 /


                 5  	  3 	  4 /


           lehdj.k     esa 	 7 	 7 vkSj 	  esa js[kh; Lora=krk ugha gS] lehdj.k     	 7,oa 	  rFkk lehdj.k

          	  ,oa 	  esa js[kh; fuHkZjrk n'kkZ jgk gSA in osQ fy,]


                        4 12       12 4
                        8   24      00 0
                            C        vFkkZr~ in     4   gksxkA
                    36 12     00 0 
                                  3 5  6
                                      
          mnkgj.k 2% ;fn   4  −1028  rks js[kh; fuHkZjrk dk ijh{k.k dhft, ,oa vkO;wg     dk in
                                      
                               5  2 3 
          fudkfy;sA
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