Page 317 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—24% Hkkjrh; yksd ½.k

24-2 LorU=krk osQ ckn ls yksd ½.k (Public Debt since Independence) uksV

ekpZ] 1947 esa Hkkjr ljdkj dk oqQy yksd ½.k 2]381-39 djksM+ #i;s FkkA lu~ 1946 esa Hkkjr osQ foHkktu
osQ dkj.k vfoHkkftr Hkkjr ljdkj dh ifjlEifÙk;ksa rFkk ns;rkvksa (assets and liabilities) dks ck¡Vus dh
leL;k mB [kM+h gqbZA

12 fnlEcj] 1947 dks ikfdLrku osQ lkFk lEiUu gq, ,d foÙkh; djkj (financial agreement) osQ vUrxZr
;g fuf'pr fd;k x;k fd vfoHkkftr Hkkjr osQ os leLr ½.k rFkk foÙkh; nkf;Ro] tks fd 15 vxLr] 1947
dks orZeku Fks] Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk vius mQij ys fy;s tk;saxsA bldk vFkZ ;g Fkk fd mu lHkh yksxksa dks] ftUgksaus
fd vfoHkkftr Hkkjr osQ ½.k&i=k (securities) [kjhn j[ks Fks] C;kt rFkk ewy/u dk Hkqxrku Hkkjr ljdkj
}kjk gh fd;k tk;sxk] Hkys gh og O;fDr Hkkjr esa jg jgk gks vFkok ikfdLrku pyk x;k gksA fdUrq ikfdLrku
ljdkj oqQy ljdkjh ½.k osQ vius ns; Hkkx osQ 300 djksM+ #i;s 50 ok£"kd fdLrksa esa Hkkjr ljdkj dks vnk
djsxh vkSj bu fdLrksa dks izkjEHk lu~ 1952 ls gksxkA fdUrq [ksn gS fd ikfdLrku us vius Hkkx (300 djksM+
#i;s) dh vnk;xh dh fdLrsa vHkh rd Hkh nsuh 'kq: ugha dh gS vkSj nksuksa ns'kksa osQ chp ftl izdkj osQ jktuSfrd
lEcU/ py jgs gSa] muls ;g vk'kk djuk O;FkZ gh gS fd ikfdLrku vius bu ok;nksa dk lEeku djsxkA

uksV~l ekpZ 1947 esa Hkkjr ljdkj dk oqQy ½.k 2]381-39 djksM+ #i;s FkkA

Hkkjr osQ yksd ½.k dks rhu oxks± esa ck¡Vk tk ldrk gSµ
(1) vkUrfjd ½.k] (2) cká yksd ½.k rFkk (3) vU; nkf;RoA

24-2-1 vkUrfjd ½.k (Internal Debt)

vkUrfjd ½.k esa [kqys cktkj ls m/kj fy;k tkrk gSA bldk eq[; :i esa fuEu izdkj oxhZdj.k fd;k tkrk gSµ
(1) LFkk;h ½.k (Permanent Loans)µbUgsa dksf"kr ½.k (Funded debt) ;k fnukafdr ½.k
(Dated loans) Hkh dgrs gSaA ;s ½.k fuxZeu frfFk ls 12 eghus vFkok vf/d osQ gksrs gSaA bu ½.kksa
osQ vUrxZr vYidkyhu nkf;Roksa (tSlsµVªstjh fcYl) osQ LFkku ij nh?kZdkyhu ½.k tkjh fd;s tkrs gSaA
bl izdkj osQ ½.k izk;% C;kt okys gksrs gSaA

(2) vLFkk;h vFkok pkyw ½.k (Temporary or Floating Loans)µbl izdkj osQ ½.kksa esa fuEufyf[kr
½.k lfEefyr fd;s tkrs gSaµ
(i) jktdks"k fcYl (Treasury Bills)µ;s fcYl Hkkjr ljdkj osQ ?kkVs osQ ctV dh fcy O;oLFkk
osQ eq[; lk/u ekus tkrss gSaA bu fcyksa dh 13 lIrkg dh ifjiDork gksrh gSA ;g fcy cêðs ij tkjh
fd;s tkrs gSa rFkk leewY; (at par) ij vnk fd;s tkrs gSaA
(ii) jktdks"kh; izkfIr;k¡ (Treasury Deposit Receipts)µdks"kkxkj tek jlhnksa dk eq[; mís';
vYidkyhu foÙkh; vko';drkvksa dh iw£r djuk rFkk O;kolkf;d cSadksa dh vfrfjDr rjyrk dks
lesVuk gSA bUgsa 6] 9 rFkk 12 eghus dh ifjiDork osQ fy, osQoy O;kolkf;d cSadksa dks gh tkjh
fd;k tkrk gS rFkk bu ij C;kt dh nj uhph gksrh gSA

(iii) vFkksZizk; ½.k (Ways and Means Loans)µfoÙk dh vLFkk;h iw£r osQ fy, fjtoZ cSad ls
fy;k x;k vYidkyhu ½.k gSA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 311
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY