Page 52 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

yksd foÙk

uksV 4-3 Hkkjr esa ctV laca/h oqQN rF;
(Some Facts Concerning Public Budgets in India)

ctV laca/h vFkZiw.kZ tkudkjh osQ fy, ;g tkuuk t:jh gS fd ljdkj dh izkfIr;ksa rFkk O;; osQ fy, gekjs vius
ns'k osQ lafo/ku esa D;k izko/ku gSa rFkk D;k izFkk,¡ gSaA bl lanHkZ esa loZizFke ;g uksV dj ysuk pkfg, fd ljdkj
dh izkfIr;k¡ mlosQ vius LokfeRo esa gks ldrh gSa] vFkok blosQ ikl /jksgj osQ :i esa gks ldrh gSa (bu /jksgjksa
dk eq[; :i m/kj gksrk gS)A blh vk/kj ij ^/jksgj* osQ :i esa olwy gksus okyh izkfIr;ksa dks muosQ Lokfe;ksa
dks ykSVkus rFkk oqQN vU; O;; enksa osQ fy, laln (vFkok jkT; dh fo/ku lHkk) dh vuqefr dh vko';drk
ugha iM+rhA

1- lesfdr fuf/ (Consolidated Fund)µHkkjr ljdkj dks feyus okyh os lc izkfIr;k¡ tks blosQ vius
LokfeRo esa vkrh gSa] mu [kkrksa esa j[kh tkrh gSa ftUgsa lkewfgd rkSj ij ^Hkkjr dh lesfdr fuf/* dgk tkrk gSA

(i) lafo/ku osQ 80osa la'kks/u ls iwoZ Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk olwys tkus okys djksa esa ls oqQN dh leLr fucy izkfIr;k¡
rFkk oqQN dh vkaf'kd fucy izkfIr;k¡ jkT; ljdkjksa dks tkrh FkhaA vr% O;oLFkk bl izdkj Fkh fd vk;dj dh
izkfIr;ksa esa jkT;ksa dks feyus okys Hkkx osQ vfrfjDr vU; lHkh dj izkfIr;k¡ Hkkjr dh lesfdr fuf/ esa tkrh Fkha
rFkk bl lesfdr fuf/ esa ls jkT;ksa dks feyus okyh dj izkfIr;ksa dk Hkkx (vk; dj dh izkfIr;ksa ls feyus okyh
Hkkx dks NksM+dj) mUgsa gLrkarfjr fd;k tkrk FkkA fcuk fo/kulHkk okys la?k jkT; {ks=kksa osQ ctV Hkkjr ljdkj
osQ ctV esa lesfdr gksrs gSaA blfy, la?k jkT; {ks=kksa dh dj izkfIr;k¡ Hkh Hkkjr dh lesfdr fuf/ esa tkrh FkhaA
vc fLFkfr ;g gS fd (d) vuqPNsn 268 vkSj 269 osQ varxZr yxk, x, djksa] ([k) djksa ij lpkZtZ] rFkk
(x) fo'ks"k iz;kstuksa osQ fy, yxk, x, djksa dks NksM+dj Hkkjr ljdkj osQ lHkh djksa dh fucy izkfIr;ksa dk ,d
iwoZfuf'pr Hkkx jkT;ksa dks tkrk gS vkSj Hkkjr dh lesfdr fuf/ ls ckgj jgrk gSA
(ii) Hkkjr ljdkj dh fofHkUu izdkj dh dj&fHkUu jktLo izkfIr;k¡ Hkh gksrh gSaA ;s lc Hkh Hkkjr dh lesfdr
fuf/ esa tkrh gSaA bu izkfIr;ksa osQ mnkgj.kksa esa ^djsalh*] ^flDdk <ykbZ vkSj Vdlky* (Currency, Coinage and
Mint), ^C;kt izkfIr;k¡*] ^ykHkka'k vkSj ykHk*] ^fons'kh vuqnku lgk;rk rFkk va'knku* (External Grants-in-
Aid and Contributions), ^la?k&jkT; {ks=kksa dk dj&fHkUu jktLo* rFkk ^vU; dj&fHkUu jktLo* vkfn
'kkfey gSaA
(iii) iw¡th [kkrs esa gksus okyh Hkh dbZ izkfIr;k¡ Hkkjr dh lesfdr fuf/ esa gh tkrh gSaA buesa Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk
fy, x, dbZ izdkj osQ vkarfjd m/kj] fons'kh&m/kj rFkk Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk igys ls fn, x, m/kjksa vkSj vfxzeksa
dh olwfy;k¡ vkfn 'kkfey gSaA laoS/kfud fLFkfr ;g ekuh tkrh gS fd tks ½.k izkfIr;k¡ lesfdr fuf/ esa j[kh
tkrh gS] mUgsa ljdkj us orZeku esa miyC/ rFkk Hkfo"; esa izkI; jkf'k;ksa dh tekur ij m/kj fy;k gS vkSj fd
ljdkj mudk Hkqxrku Hkh lesfdr fuf/ ls gh djsxhA Hkkjr ljdkj dh os lc nsunkfj;k¡ tks ¶Hkkjr dh lesfdr
fuf/¸ ls ns; gS] lkewfgd rkSj ij ¶Hkkjr ljdkj dk lkoZtfud ½.k¸ vFkok ¶yksd ½.k¸ dgykrh gSaA
bl fuf/ osQ rnuq:i gj jkT; dh Hkh ,d lesfdr fuf/ gksrh gSA

2- yksd [kkrk (Public Account)µHkkjr ljdkj }kjk rFkk blosQ fy, izkIr vU; lc jkf'k;k¡ ftu [kkrksa esa
j[kh tkrh gSa] mUgsa lkewfgd rkSj ij ^Hkkjr dk yksd [kkrk* (Public Account of India) dgk tkrk gSA ;s lc
jkf'k;k¡ ljdkj osQ ikl ,d izdkj ls ^/jksgj* osQ :i esa tek jgrh gSaA vr% mudks ykSVkus osQ fy, ljdkj dks
laln dh vuqefr ysus dh vko';drk ugha gksrhA vU; nsunkfj;ksa osQ eq[; mnkgj.k gSaµ(d) vYi cprsa] tek
jkf'k;k¡ vkSj yksd Hkfo"; fuf/;k¡ (Small Savings, Deposits and PPF); ([k) jkT; Hkfo"; fuf/;k¡ (State
Provident Funds)_ (x) vU; [kkrs (Other Accounts)_ rFkk (?k) izkjf{kr fuf/;k¡ vkSj tek jkf'k;k¡
(Reserve Funds and Deposits)A bu m/kjksa dh vnk;xh laln ls ikfjr djk, fcuk dh tk ldrh gSA

bl fuf/ osQ rn~uq:i gj jkT; dk Hkh ,d ^yksd [kkrk* gksrk gSA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
46 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY