Page 60 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

yksd foÙk

uksV (2) ykHk dk vUrjµdj bl ckr dh dksbZ xkjUVh ughsa nsrk fd ml Hkqxrku osQ cnys esa dksbZ ykHk
(benefit) Hkh izkIr gksxk fd ugha] vkSj ;fn gksxk rks mldh ek=kk (amount) rFkk izÑfr (nature)

D;k gksxh] fdUrq dhersa oLrqvksa rFkk lsokvksa ds cnys essa dh tkus okyh izR;{k vnk;fx;k¡ gSa vkSj mu
vnk;fx;ksa (Payments) dh ek=kk [kjhnh xbZ oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa dh ek=kk ij fuHkZj gksrh gSA
izks- ih- bZ- Vsyj us bl ckr dks bu 'kCnksa esa O;Dr fd;k gS fd ¶O;kolkf;d vk; dks vU; Jsf.k;ksa
dh vk; ls i`Fkd~ djus okyh bldh fo'ks"krk,¡ gSa % vnk;xh ;k Hkqxrku osQ cnys esa oLrq ;k lsok
dh izR;{k izkfIr (direct receipt) rFkk nwljs] Hkqxrku dh /ujkf'k dk eksVs rkSj ij oLrq ;k lsok
dh ykxr (;k ykHk) osQ lkFk lek;kstu (adjustment)A¸
;gk¡ mYys[kuh; gS fd ljdkj }kjk mRikfnr oLrqvksa dh dher vkSj vkSlr ;k lhekUr mRiknu ykxr osQ chp
lnk gh dksbZ lkE; ;k lekurk dh fLFkfr cuh jgrh gks] ,slh ckr ugha gSA ;g gks ldrk gS fd ljdkjh m|eksa
}kjk viukbZ tkus okyh lkekU; lkekftd uhfr (general social policy) vkSj O;kolkf;d uhfr (business

policy) osQ lkFk Vdjko mRiUu gks tk;s] tSlh fd Mkd O;; dh njksa vFkok lqjax ekxZ osQ HkkM+ksa ds ckjs esa gksrk
gS fd ;s njsa vkSj HkkMs+ dHkh Hkh lsok dh ykxr dks iwjh ugha djrsA ,sls mnkgj.kksa esa] vkerkSj ij ;g okaNuh;
ekuk tkrk gS fd lkekftd dY;k.k osQ fy, ljdkjh lsok dkiQh O;kid :i ls miyC/ djkbZ tk;s] vis{kkÑr
mlosQ fd oLrq dh ykxr rFkk dher ;fn cjkcj gksrh rks ml fLFkfr esa miyC/ djkbZ tkuh lEHko gksrhA vU;
oqQN ,sls Hkh mnkgj.k gS fd ftuesa oqQy oLrqvksa rFkk lsokvksa osQ forj.k osQ fy, ljdkjh ,dkf/dkjksa
(government monopolies) dh LFkkiuk dh tkrh gS] vkSj blfy, rkfd ,dkf/dkjh ykHk dek;s tk losaQA
Hkkjr esa jsy lsok rFkk fctyh ds forj.k dh lsok,¡ blosQ izeq[k mnkgj.k gSaA iQk¡lhlh rEckowQ ,dkf/dkj
(French tobacco monopoly) Hkh blh dk mnkgj.k gS rFkk ljdkj }kjk lapkfyr e|'kkyk,¡ Hkh blh Js.kh
esa vkrh gSaA bu ekeyksa esa ;g gks ldrk gS fd bu ,dkf/dkjksa dh LFkkiuk esa ljdkj dk ,dek=k mís'; ykHk
izkIr djuk gh u gks] cfYd vius }kjk iznku dh tkus okyh oLrqvksa o lsokvksa ds forj.k ij fu;U=k.k j[kuk
Hkh gksA tSlk fd Vsyj (Taylor) us dgk gS ¶;g gks ldrk gS fd bl {ks=k esa fu;U=k.k (control) osQ mís';
ls dh tkus okyh ,dkf/dkjh dk;Zokgh Hkh mruh gh egÙoiw.kZ gks ftruh fd ykHk dh lEHkkouk,¡A¸
ljdkj oLrqvksa rFkk lsokvksa osQ mRiknu rFkk mudh fcozQh osQ {ks=k esa vusd dkj.kksa ls izfo"V gks ldrh gSA oqQN
ekeyksa esaa] ;g gks ldrk gS fd izkbosV lkglh ,sls m|eksa dh LFkkiuk djus osQ bPNqd gh u gksa ;k rks blfy,
D;ksafd muesa cgqr de ykHk gksus dh vk'kk gS] vFkok blfy, D;ksafd muls izfriQy ;k ykHkksa dh izkfIr cgqr
nh?kZdky osQ ckn gksus dh vk'kk gS] mnkgj.k osQ fy,] Mkd&lsok rFkk ugjksa o fctyh mRiUu djus okys ck¡/ksa
dk fuekZ.k vkfnA nwljs oqQN vko';d lsok,¡ ljdkj }kjk blfy, Hkh gkFk esa yh tk ldrh gSa ftlls ,dkf/dkjh
fdLe osQ izkbosV laxBuksa ls miHkksDrkvksa osQ fgrksa dh j{kk dh tk losQ] tSls fd uxj ifjogu lsok (city
transport service) rFkk ty&iznk; lsok (water supply service)A rhljs] oqQN vU; ekeyksa esa] ;g
ekuk tkrk gS fd veqd lsok izkbosV O;fDr;ksa dh rqyuk esa ljdkj }kjk vf/d vPNh rFkk lLrh iznku dh tk
ldrh gS] tSls fd fctyh dk mRiknu rFkk forj.kA pkSFks] oqQN ,sls Hkh ekeys gSa ftuesa ljdkj mDr m|eksa
(enterprises) dks vius gkFk esa ys ysrh gS tks fd vFkZO;oLFkk (economy) dks fy, ewyHkwr egÙo osQ gksrs
gSaA ljdkj }kjk ,sls m|eksa ls lEcfU/r oLrqvksa dk mRiknu lEiw.kZ ns'k osQ gh fgr esa ekuk tkrk gSA yksgk o
bLikr] Hkkjh fo|qr inkFkZ] rsy rFkk [kfut vkfn ,sls gh m|eksa osQ mnkgj.k gSaA ;gk¡ bl ckr dk mYys[k djuk
Hkh egÙoiw.kZ gksxk fd bu O;kolkf;d vkenfu;ksa dh izÑfr eq[;r% mu dherksa osQ leku gh gksrh gS tks fd
oLrqvksa rFkk lsokvksa osQ xSj&ljdkjh mRikndksa dks nh tkrh gSaA
5-2-3 iz'kklfud vk; (Administrative Revenues)

ftu izkfIr;ksa (receipts) dks iz'kklfud vk; dh Js.kh esa j[kk tkrk gS] os gSaµ'kqYd ;k iQhl] ykblsal] tqekZus]
lEifÙk tCr djus vkSj mÙkjkf/dkjh osQ vHkko esa lEifÙk ij vf/dkj djus vkfn ls gksus okyh izkfIr;k¡ rFkk

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LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
54 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY