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Unit 3: Eleventh Five Year Plan

2. Indicators of deprivation suggest that the proportion of population deprived of a minimum Notes
level of living is much higher. This is indicated by the following:
(a) According to National Family Health Survey, 46% of the children in the 0-3 age group
suffered from malnutrition in 2005-06, but the more disturbing fact is that there is no
decline from the level of 47% reported in 1998.
(b) Human Development indicators like literacy, maternal and infant morality rates also show
that the progress is slow and India lags behind several other countries in Asia. While
literacy rate has gone up to 64.8% in 2001, the number of illiterates still exceeds 304 million,
making India the country with the largest number of illiterates. Life expectancy during
2001-06 is 63.9 years for males and 66.9 years for females, is still below 72 years for China.
Adverse sex ratio with only 933 women for 1,000 men is another cause for concern. More
disturbingly, the child sex ratio (ages 0-6) has declined sharply from 962 in 1981 to 927 in
2001. Infant mortality rates are higher than those of countries in East Asia.
3. Agriculture growth continues to be sluggish and was of the order of 2.1 percent during the
10 Plan, despite a target of 4% growth.
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4. Current daily status unemployment rate increased from 7.3% in 1999-00 to 8.3% in 2004-05,
despite the higher GDP growth of 7.6% during the 10 Plan. Moreover, the entire increase in
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employment has taken place in the unorganized sector. A very disturbing feature of the
employment situation is : “Permanent employment in the organized sector has decreased,
although organized sector firms may be increasing their informal employment.” This indicates
deterioration in the quality of employment.
3.2 Objectives of the Eleventh Plan

The Plan envisages a high growth of GDP of the order of 9 percent for the country as whole. This
implies that per capita GDP would grow at about 7.5% per year to double in 10 years.
However, the Plan document hastens to add that the target is not just faster growth but also inclusive
growth which ensures broad based improvement in the quality of life of the people, especially the
poor SCs/STs, OBCs and the minorities.
Vision for the Eleventh Plan
The broad vision of the 11 Plan includes several inter-related components:
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1. Rapid growth that reduces poverty and creates employment opportunities;
2. Access to essential services in health and education especially for the poor;
3. Empowerment through education and skill development;
4. Extension of employment opportunities using National Rural Employment Guarantee
Programme;
5. Environmental sustainability;
6. Reduction of gender inequality; and
7. Improvement of governance.
3.3 Financing the Eleventh Plan

Table 1 provides us an idea of the Tenth Plan Realizations and the Eleventh Plan projections of
financing. During the Tenth Plan, for the public sector total realizations of ` 16,53,865 crores, 73.9
percent were obtained from market borrowings and 34.9 percent were contributed by public sector
undertakings. However, balance from current revenues (both Centre and States) were negative to the
tune of 9.6 percent of total plan resources.

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