Page 213 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

bdkbZ—15% fo'o O;kikj laxBu vkSj Ñf"k

esa leFkZu osQ lexz eki dks 20 izfr'kr rFkk fodkl'khy ns'k 10 o"kZ dh vof/ esa 13 izfr'kr de uksV
dj nsaxsA ;gk¡ ;g fo'ks"k :i ls mYys[kuh; gS fd ¶de djus dh opuc¼rk¸ lEiw.kZ ?kjsyw leFkZu osQ
ifjis{; esa Kkr dh tkuh pkfg, u fd O;fDrxr oLrqvksa osQ lUnHkZ esaA fodflr ns'kksa esa ftu uhfr;ksa
osQ iz;ksx ls mRiknu osQ ewY;ksa osQ 5 izfr'kr ls de rFkk fodkl'khy ns'kksa esa mRiknu osQ ewY; ls 10
izfr'kr ls de ?kjsyw leFkZu izkIr gksxkA mudks de djus dh opuc¼rk ls eqDr j[kk x;k gSA

ftu uhfr;ksa dk mRiknu ij dksbZ laoqQfpr izHkko ugha gksrk gS ;k cgqr de izHkko gksrk
gS] mUgsa Hkh opuc¼rk ls eqDr j[kk x;k gSA

(c) O;kikj dks ckf/r djus okyk vFkok U;wure ckf/r djus okyk leFkZu (Non-Trade Distorting
or Minimal Trade Distorting Support)μO;kikj dks ckf/r vFkok laoqQfpr djus okys ?kjsyw leFkZu
dks fuEu rhu oxks± esa foHkkftr fd;k x;k gSμ
(i) xzhu ckWDl (Green Box)μblosQ vUrxZr og vk£Fkd lgk;rk j[kh x;h gSA tks i;kZoj.k laj{k.k
dk;ZØeksa osQ vUrxZr iznku dh tkrh gSA blesa izeq[k :i ls vuqla/ku] izf'k{k.k bR;kfn lsokvksa
ij lgk;rk] cktkj lwpuk osQ fy, lgk;rk] xzkeh.k vk/kfjr lajpuk osQ oqQN :iksa ij lgk;rk
bR;kfn dks lfEefyr fd;k tkrk gSA bl ckDl esa lfEefyr xfrfof/;ksa ij orZeku esa nh tkus
okyh lgk;rk dks fo'o O;kikj le>kSrs esa fdlh izdkj dh deh fd;s tkus dh vko';drk ugha
n'kkZ;h x;h gSA vFkkZr~ ;g lgk;rk ¶de djus dh opuc¼rk¸ osQ cU/u ls eqDr gSA bl izdkj
dh lgk;rk ij fdlh izdkj dh vf/dre lhek fu/kZfjr ugha dh x;h gSA
(ii) CY;w ckWDl (Blue Box)μbl ckDl osQ vUrxZr ml vk£Fkd lgk;rk dks j[kk x;k gS tks fdlkuksa
dks gkfuiw£r osQ :i esa vFkok mRiknu dks lhfer djus ls gqbZ gkfu dh {kfriw£r osQ :i esa iznku
dh tkrh gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy, vejhdk esa ljdkjh U;wure leFkZu ewY; vkSj cktkj ewY; esa vUrj
osQ cjkcj ¶gkfu iw£r Hkqxrku¸ izR;{k :i ls fdlkuksa dks fd;k tkrk gSA blh izdkj ;wjksih; la?k
osQ ns'kksa esa mRiknu lhfer djus osQ cnys esa {kfriw£r osQ :i esa izR;{k vk£Fkd lgk;rk iznku
dh tkrh gSA CY;w ckDl osQ vUrxZr iznku dh tkus okyh lgk;rk Hkh ¶de djus dh opuc¼rk¸
ls eqDr gSA ;|fi bl izdkj dh lgk;rk osQ lEcU/ esa vf/dre lhek fu/kZfjr dh x;h gSA
(iii) Lis'ky rFkk fMizSQU'ky ckDl (Special and Differential Box)μbl ckDl esa fodkl'khy ns'kksa ls
fodkl djus okys fu/Zu ,oa fuEu vk; oxZ okys mRikndksa dks iznku dh tkus okyh fuos'k
lgk;rk rFkk Ñf"k vknkuksa ij iznku dh tkus okyh lgk;rk dks lfEefyr fd;k x;k gSA
(3) fu;kZr lgk;rk esa deh djuk (Containing Export Subsidies)μrkfydk esa izLrqr fd;s x;s vkadM+s
;g rF; bafxr djrs gSa fd fo'o O;kikj laxBu }kjk fodflr ns'kksa osQ fy, ;g O;oLFkk dh x;h gS fd os
vuqnku izkIr fu;kZrksa (Subsidised Export) dh ek=kk dks N% o"kZ dh vof/ esa 21 izfr'kr rFkk fu;kZr lgk;rk
osQ fy, ctV esa 36 izfr'kr dh dVkSrh djsaxsA ;g Hkh O;oLFkk dh x;h gS fd fodkl'khy ns'kksa esa lgk;rk iznLr
fu;kZrksa dh ek=kk dks 10 o"kZ dh vof/ esa 10 izfr'kr rFkk fu;kZr lgk;rk osQ fy, ctV esa 24 izfr'kr dVkSrh
djsaxsA ;|fi mi;qDr o£.kr le>kSrksa dk Ñf"k {ks=k ij izR;{k izHkko iM+sxk fdUrq blosQ vfrfjDr fo'o O;kikj
laxBu osQ vUrxZr ykxw fd;s tkus okys oqQN vU; le>kSrksa dk Hkh vizR;{k izHkko iM+sxk buesa lokZf/d izeq[k
gS O;kikj lEc/ ckSf¼d lEink vf/dkj (Trade Related Intellectual Property Right) gS ftlds vf/u
isVsUV o dkiQhjkbV laj{k.k (Patent and Copyrights Protection) dh O;oLFkk gSA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 207