Page 283 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

bdkbZ—20% Hkkjrh; foÙkh; iz.kkyh % eqnzk cktkj ,oa ekSfnzd uhfr

dk;Z osQ fy, cht] [kkn] i'kqvksa osQ fy, pkjk vkfn [kjhn losaQA ,sls vYidkyhu Í.kksa dks fdlku izk;% iQly uksV
dVus osQ ckn vnk dj nsrs gSaA fdlkuksa dks eè;e vkSj nh?kZdky&vFkkZr~ 5 ;k 10 o"kks± osQ fy,] foÙk dh
vko';drk iM+rh gS rkfd os i'kq] Ñf"k&e'khujh vkSj vkS”kkj [kjhn losaQ] mUgsa oqQ,a [kksnus ;k Hkwfe ij LFkk;h
mUufr djus osQ fy, Hkh foÙk dh ”k:jr iM+rh gSA vfUre] ljdkj dks oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa osQ fy,]
jktLo&O;; (Revenue Expenditure) osQ fy, vkSj fodkl izksxzkeksa vFkkZr~ iw¡th O;; (Capital expenditure)
osQ fy, foÙk dh t:jr iM+rh gSA
Hkkjrh; foÙkh; iz.kkyh dk vfHkizk; jkf'k;ksa dks m/kj ij ysuk vkSj mUgsa m/kj ij nsuk gS] vFkok lHkh O;fDr;ksa]
laLFkkuksa] dEifu;ksa vkSj ljdkjksa }kjk /u&jkf'k;ksa dh ek¡x vkSj iw£r dh tkrh gSA vke rkSj ij foÙkh; iz.kkyh
dks bl izdkj oxhZÑr fd;k tkrk gSμ
(i) vkS|ksfxd foÙk (Industrial Finance)μm|ksx ,oa O;kikj osQ fy, vko';d /u&jkf'k_
(ii) Ñf"k&foÙkμÑf"k rFkk lEcfU/r fØ;kvksa dks pykus osQ fy, vko';d foÙk vkSj bldh iw£r_

(iii) fodkl&foÙk (Development Finance)μfodkl osQ fy, vko';d foÙk_ okLro esa_ blesa vkS|ksfxd
foÙk ,oa Ñf"k foÙk nksuksa gh 'kkfey fd, tkrs gSa_ vkSj
(iv) jktdh; foÙk (Government Finance)μdk lEcU/ ljdkjh O;; dh iw£r osQ fy, foÙk dh ek¡x ,oa
iw£r ls gSA
eksVs rkSj ij Hkkjrh; foÙkh; iz.kkyh osQ fuEufyf[kr eq[; vax gSaμ

(d) cSad&iz.kkyh] chek dEifu;k¡] ikjLifjd fuf/;k¡ (Mutual fund)] fofu;ksx fuf/;k¡ vkSj vU; laLFkku
gSa tks turk esa cpr dks izksUur djrs gSa] mudh cpr ,d=k djrs gSa vkSj mls okLrfod fofu;ksDrkvksa
dks gLrkarfjr djrs gSaA
([k) ns'k osQ fofu;ksDrkvksa esa oS;fDrd fofu;ksDrk] vkS|ksfxd ,oa O;kikfjd dEifu;k¡ vkSj ljdkj 'kkfey
gSaμos foÙkh; iz.kkyh esa m/kj ysus okyksa osQ :i esa izos'k djrs gSaA
bu laLFkkuksa osQ vfrfjDr] Hkkjrh; foÙkh; iz.kkyh esa oqQN vfuok;Z laLFkku Hkh 'kkfey gks tkrs gSa] os oLrqr% lqfo/ktudksa
(Facilitators) dk dk;Z djrs gSaA mnkgj.kkFkZ] u;s fgLlk&iw¡th cktkj (New Issue Market) }kjk LVkWd ,oa 'ks;j osQ
u;s fuxZeksa (New Issues) }kjk vfrfjDr cpr izokfgr dh tkrh gSA bl izdkj] Hkkjr osQ LVkd ,Dlpsat (Stock
exchanges) dEifu;ksa osQ fgLlksa ,oa Í.k i=kksa (Debentures) osQ Ø;&foØ; }kjk cprdÙkkZvksa dks viuh cpr dks
,d izdkj osQ fofu;ksx ls nwljs izdkj osQ fofu;ksx esa ifjo£rr djus esa lgk;rk nsrs gSaA

Hkkjrh; foÙkh; iz.kkyh esa cgqr ls laLFkku ,oa izfØ;k,¡ 'kkfey dh tkrh gSa tks lekt }kjk tfur
cpr ij izHkko Mkyrh gSa] ;s laLFkku cpr xfreku djrs gSa vkSj mu lHkh dks tks fofu;ksx osQ fy,
bu cprksa dh ek¡x djrs gSa] muesa forfjr djrs gSaA

Hkkjrh; foÙkh; iz.kkyh osQ dk;Z % iw¡th fuekZ.k dks c<+kok nsuk

vkfFkZd fodkl osQ fy, iw¡th fuekZ.k dh Å¡ph nj ”k:jh gSA iw¡th fuekZ.k dh fØ;k fuEufyf[kr voLFkkvksa ij
fuHkZj djrh gSμ
(d) cpr esa o`f¼μftldk vfHkizk; lalk/uksa osQ mi;ksx dks miHkksDrk mís';ksa ls gVkdj vU; mís';ksa osQ
fy, eqDr djuk gSA

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