Page 130 - DECO503_INTERNATIONAL_TRADE_AND_FINANCE_HINDI

vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj ,oa foÙk

uksV (2) O;kikj dh 'krks± ij izHkkoμvk;kr vH;a'k dk ns'k dh O;kikj 'krks± ij Hkh izHkko iM+rk gS vkSj O;kikj
'krs± ,d ns'k osQ fy, ;k rks de vuqowQy vFkok vf/d vuqowQy gks tkrh gSA bls layXu js[kkfp=k }kjk le>k;k
tk ldrk gSμ
izLrqr js[kkfp=k esa OA ns'k A dk izLrko oØ gS tks X oLrq dk fu;kZr dj jgk gS rFkk OB ns'k B dk izLrko oØ
gS tks Y oLrq dk fu;kZr dj jgk gSA LorU=k O;kikj osQ vUrxZr
Y
OP O;kikj dh 'krs± gSaA eku yks fd ns'k A vc vius ns'k esa Y
oLrq osQ vk;krksa dks OD ij lhfer dj nsrk gSA vc X vkSj Y D
S
1
osQ chp O;kikj dh 'krks± esa ifjorZu gks tkrk gS rFkk O;kikj dh S
'krs± OP′ vFkok OP″ vFkok bu nksuksa osQ chp dksbZ Hkh dher gks
dher P 1 1
ldrh gSaA u;h O;kikj dh 'krs± vk;kr vH;a'k yxkus okys ns'k E
osQ vf/d vFkok de vuqowQy gks ldrh gSaA ;fn vk;krdrkZ E
P
vfrfjDr ykHk izkIr djrs gSa rks vH;a'kksa ls O;kikj dh 'krks± esa
Q D
ml lhek rd lqèkkj gksrk gS ftl lhek rd fons'kh izLrko oØ
S 2
ykspnkj gksrk gS] fdUrq ;fn oLrq dks fu;kZr djus okys fons'kh
O M 1 M X
mRiknd lqlaxfBr gSa rks O;kikj dh 'krs± A ns'k osQ foi{k esa Hkh ek=kk
gks ldrh gSaA
fp=k 9-4
(3) vk; izHkko (Income Effect)μvk;kr vH;a'k dk tks
vk; izHkko gksrk gS og leku ek=kk osQ iz'kqYd ls vf/d gksrk gSA bldk dkj.k Li"V gSA vk;kr vH;a'k dh lhek
osQ vk;kr dh lhekUr izo`fÙk 'kwU; gks tkrh gSA blls vk; dk fjlko (Leakage) de gks tkrk gS ,oa xq.kd dk
ewY; c<+ tkrk gS ,oa vk; esa o`f¼ gksrh gSA iz'kqYd dh rqyuk esa] vk;kr vH;a'k dk ;g foLrkjoknh izHkko fo'ks"k
:i ls v¼Z&fodflr ns'kksa osQ fy, vfèkd egRoiw.kZ gS ftUgsa Hkqxrku&'ks"k dh dfBukb;ksa (eqnzk izlkj osQ dkj.k)
dk lkeuk djuk iM+rk gSA
Y
(4) Hkqxrku&'ks"k izHkko (Effect on Balance of A

Payment)μvk;kr vH;a'k dk iz;ksx O;kikj 'ks"k dks
vuqowQy cuk;s j[kus vFkok fu;kZr dh rqyuk esa vk;krksa dh ns'k dk fu;kZr)
vf/drk dks de djus osQ fy, dbZ ns'kksa }kjk fd;k x;k P
gSA ;g roZQ fn;k tkrk gS fd vk;krksa dks lhfer djosQ] D P P B
vk;kr vH;a'k ls O;kikj esa ?kkVs dh fLFkfr lekIr gks tkrh X-oLrq (B
gS rFkk Hkqxrku&'ks"k dh fLFkfr esa lq/kj gksrk gSA ;g Hkh dgk
tkrk gS fd eqnzk laoqQpu vkSj voewY;u dh rqyuk esa]
vk;kr vH;a'k dh fof/] vk;krksa dks lhfer djus osQ fy,
O X
de gkfudkjd gSA X-oLrq ( ns'k dk fu;kZr)A
fdUrq tks Hkqxrku&'ks"k esa lq/kj osQ fy,] vH;a'kksa dk leFkZu fp=k 9-5
djrs gSa] os vH;a'k osQ fu;kZr izHkko dks Hkwy tkrs gSaA okLro
esa] vH;a'kksa osQ fu;kZr ij fuEu rhu izdkj ls izfrowQy izHkko gksrk gSμ
(i) fons'kh fu;kZrd] vk;kr vH;a'k okys ns'k esa de csp ikrs gSa vr% os vH;a'k okys ns'k ls vfèkd vk;kr
Hkh ugha dj ikrsA
(ii) pwafd vH;a'k osQ dkj.k] vk;kr vH;a'k okys ns'k esa dhersa c<+ tkrh gSa] vr% mlosQ fu;kZr dh dherksa esa

Hkh o`f¼ gks tkrh gS ftlls fu;kZr grksRlkfgr gksrs gSaA

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