Page 193 - DECO503_INTERNATIONAL_TRADE_AND_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—16% fofue; nj osQ fuèkkZj.k dk fl¼kar (i=kk/ku vkSj Hkqxrku larqyu)

16-2 lkjka'k (Summary) uksV
• ;g fl¼kUr Li"V djrk gS fd tc Hkqxrku&'ks"k esa ?kkVk gksrk gS rks fofue; nj esa deh gks tkrh gSA mlosQ

foijhr] tc Hkqxrku&'ks"k esa vkfèkD; gksrk gS rks fofue; nj esa o`f¼ gks tkrh gSA
• Hkqxrku&'ks"k fl¼kUr ;g Li"V djrk gS fd fofue; nj dk fuèkkZj.k ek¡x vkSj iw£r osQ lUnHkZ esa Hkqxrku&'ks"k

}kjk gksrk gSA bl fl¼kUr dks fofue; nj dk ek¡x vkSj iw£r dk fl¼kUr Hkh dgrs gSaA
• fofHkUu ns'kksa dh fofue; njsa muosQ ekSfyd Hkqxrku&'ks"k }kjk fuèkkZfjr gksrh gSaA ;|fi Hkqxrku&'ks"k esa

vU; enksa dk lekos'k Hkh gksrk gS] fdUrq mlesa oLrqvksa dh Ø;&foØ; (O;kikj&'ks"k) lEcUèkh ensa eq[;
gksrh gSaA
• la{ksi esa] fofue; nj fuèkkZj.k dk Hkqxrku lUrqyu fl¼kUr bl rF; ij vkèkkfjr gS fd fu;kZr gh vk;krksa
dk Hkqxrku djrs gSa (Exports pay for the imports) A bldk vfHkizk; ;g gS fd lUrqfyr fofue; nj
osQ fuèkkZj.k osQ fy, fdlh ns'k osQ oqQy vk;krksa ,oa oqQy fu;kZrksa dk ewY; leku gksuk pkfg, rkfd izR;sd
ns'k osQ Hkqxrku (Payments) rFkk izkfIr;k¡ (Receipts) leku gksaA bl fl¼kUr dks fons'kh fofue; dk
lUrqyu fl¼kUr (Equilibrium Theory of Foreign Exchange) Hkh dgk tkrk gSA
• bl fl¼kUr dk lcls cM+k xq.k ;g gS fd ;g Li"V djrk gS fd vU; oLrqvksa dh Hkkafr eqnzk dk ewY;
Hkh mldh ek¡x vkSj iw£r osQ }kjk fuèkkZfjr gksrk gS vFkkZr~ ;g fofue; nj osQ fuèkkZj.k dks Hkh lkekU; ewY;
fl¼kUr osQ {ks=k esa ykrk gSA
• bl fl¼kUr dk ;g Hkh ,d xq.k gS fd ;g fl¼kUr Li"V djrk gS fd Hkqxrku 'ks"k esa vlUrqyu dh fLFkfr
dks fofue;&nj esa ekewyh ifjorZu djosQ Bhd fd;k tk ldrk gSA ;g ifjorZu voewY;u (Devaluation)
vFkok iquewZY;u (Revaluation) djosQ fd;k tk ldrk gS] blesa vkUrfjd Ø; 'kfDr esa ifjorZu djus
dh vko';drk ugha gS tSlk fd Ø; 'kfDr lerk fl¼kUr esa crk;k x;k gSA
• ;g fl¼kUr iw.kZ izfr;ksfxrk dh ekU;rk dks ysdj pyrk gS rFkk ,d ns'k ls nwljs ns'k dks eqnzk osQ izHkko
esa gLr{ksi Lohdkj ugha djrk] fdUrq ;s nksuksa ckrsa vokLrfod gSaA
• bl fl¼kUr dk ,d eq[; nks"k ;g Hkh gS fd ;g Hkqxrku&'ks"k dks ,d fuf'pr ek=kk esa ekudj pyrk

gS] fdUrq rF; ;g gS fd O;kikj&'ks"k] ns'k ,oa fons'k osQ dher Lrjksa ij fuHkZj jgrk gS rFkk nks ns'kksa osQ
ewY; Lrjksa ij mu ns'kksa dh fofue; njksa dk Hkh izHkko iM+rk gS] vr% Hkqxrku&'ks"k iw.kZ :i ls fofue;
njksa ls LorU=k ugha gksrk tSlk fd ;g fl¼kUr crkrk gSA
• fofue; nj eqnzkvksa dh ek¡x ,oa iw£r }kjk fuèkkZfjr gksrh gSA ;g nj ?kVrh&c<+rh jgrh gS vFkkZr~ blesa mPpkopu

gksrs jgrs gSa tks vUrjkZ"Vªh; ekSfnzd gLrkUrj.k osQ dkj.k gksrs gSaA bu mPpkopuksa osQ dkj.k fdlh Hkh ns'k esa
vfuf'prrk dh fLFkfr vk tkrh gS rFkk ns'k dh vFkZO;oLFkk ij bldk izfrowQy izHkko iM+rk gSA
• ,d ns'k ls iw¡th osQ vkokxeu dk izHkko Hkh mldh fofue; nj ij iM+rk gSA ,d ns'k ls iw¡th dk

vYidkyhu cfgxZeu fons'kksa esa Å¡ph C;kt nj izkIr djus osQ fy, gks ldrk gS vFkok fons'kksa esa iw¡th
dk nh?kZdkyhu fofu;ksx fd;k tk ldrk gSA
• eè;LFkksa dh fØ;k,¡ Hkh fofue;&nj dks izHkkfor djrh gSaA bu fØ;kvksa dks vUriZ.ku vFkok ewY;kUrj lkSns

(Arbitrage Operations) Hkh dgrs gSaa vUriZ.ku dh fØ;k] nks eqnzk cktkjksa esa fofue; njksa osQ vUrj ls
ykHk mBkus osQ fy, dh tkrh gSA
• fofue; nj esa Hkfo"; esa gksus okys ifjorZuksa dk iwoZ vuqeku dj fons'kh eqnzkvksa dk Ø;&foØ; fd;k tkrk

gS ftldk fofue; nj ij izHkko iM+rk gSA ;fn fdlh le; lVksfj;ksa }kjk fons'kh eqnzk dks vfèkd ek=kk esa
[kjhnk tkrk gS rks ml eqnzk dh ek¡x c<+ tkrh gS rFkk mldh fofue; nj Hkh c<+us yxrh gSA

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