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vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj ,oa foÙk
uksV O;kikj l`tu vkSj foorZu dks izHkkfor djus okys dkjd
vHkh geus okbuj osQ lhek la?k osQ O;kikj l`tu vkSj foorZu dk vè;;u fd;k gSA vc ge la{ksi esa mu dkjdksa
dk vè;;u djsaxs tks O;kikj l`tu vkSj foorZu dks izHkkfor djrs gSaμ
(1) mRiknu ykxr esa vUrjμtks ns'k lhek la?k osQ lnL; gSa muosQ chp mRiknu ykxr esa ftruk vfèkd
vUrj gksrk gS muosQ chp mruh gh vfèkd ek=kk esa O;kikj dk l`tu gksxkA ;fn buesa miknu ykxr esa
cgqr de vUrj gksrk gS] rks O;kikj l`tu dh lEHkkouk izk;% ugha jgrhA
(2) ;krk;kr O;;μ;fn lhek la?k osQ lnL; ns'kksa osQ chp oLrqvksa dks eaxkus dk ;krk;kr O;; vfèkd gksrk
gS rks bu ns'kksa esa O;kikj l`tu vfèkd ugha gksrkA
(3) lhek la?k dk vkdkjμla?k osQ vkdkj dk Hkh izHkko] O;kikj] l`tu vkSj foorZu ij iM+rk gS] D;ksafd
blls mRiknu {erk izHkkfor gksrh gSA
(4) izfr;ksfxrk vkSj iwjdrk (Competitiveness and Complementarity)μbl lEcUèk esa ;g fopkj gS
fd ;fn nks izfr;ksxh ns'k lhek la?k cukrs gSa rks muesa O;kikj l`tu vfèkd gksxkA ;gh dkj.k gS fd ,d
m|ksx&izèkku ns'k dks m|ksx&izèkku ns'k osQ lkFk lhek la?k cukuk pkfg,A blosQ foijhr] ;fn la?k osQ
nks ns'k mRiknu osQ {ks=k esa ,d&nwljs osQ iwjd gSa rks muesa O;kikj foorZu gksxkA
la?k dk vkdkj ftruk cM+k gksxk] lnL; ns'kksa dh mRiknu {kerk mruh gh vfèkd
gksxhA
LFkSfrd mi;ksx izHkko (Static Consumption Effect)
lhek&la?k cukus osQ ckn O;kikj esa tks foLrkj gksrk gS mldk miHkksx ij Hkh egRoiw.kZ izHkko gksrk gSA oqQN fo'ks"k
ekU;rkvksa osQ vUrxZr ;g Li"V fd;k tk ldrk gS fd la?k cuus osQ iQyLo:i miHkksx esa o`f¼ gksrh gS vkSj
lnL; ns'kksa osQ dY;k.k esa o`f¼ gksrh gSA bls eSdksoj&ekVZu ekWMy esa Li"V fd;k x;k gS ftldk ge vkxs
mYys[k djsaxsA
miHkksx esa o`f¼ % esdksoj&ekVZu ekWMy (Makower-Morton Model): ;g ekWMy fuEu ekU;rkvksa ij
vkèkkfjr gSμ
(i) osQoy nks ns'k A vkSj B gSa tks osQoy nks gh oLrqvksa X vkSj Y dk mRiknu dj ldrs gSaA
(ii) izR;sd ns'k dk mRiknu lEHkkouk oØ jSf[kd (Linear) gS vFkkZr~ lh/h js[kk dk gSA
(iii) izkjEHk esa nksuksa ns'kksa dk dksbZ lEcU/ ugha gSA
(iv) tc nksuksa ns'k ,d&nwljs ls i`Fko~Q jgrs gSa rks muosQ mRiknu lEHkkouk oØ osQ <ky esa vUrj gksrk gS
vFkkZr~ nksuksa ns'kksa esa oLrq izfrLFkkiu nj vyx&vyx gSA
(v) i`Fko~Q jgus ij fdlh Hkh ns'k esa iw.kZ fof'k"Vhdj.k ugha gksrkA
(vi) nksuksa ns'kksa esa miHkksx dk <kapk ,dleku gSA
vc ge js[kkfp=k ls bls Li"V djsaxsμ
js[kkfp=k esa AA′ lh/h js[kk ns'k A dk mRiknu lEHkkouk oØ gS rFkk BB′ lh/h js[kk ns'k B dk mRiknu
lEHkkouk oØ gSA pwafd nksuksa mRiknu lEHkkouk oØ lekUrj ugha gSa vr% X vkSj Y nksuksa oLrqvksa dh izfrLFkkiu
nj esa vUrj gSA i`Fko~Q jgus ij mi;qZDr n'kkvksa osQ vUrxZr izR;sd ns'k dh ekax dh fLFkfr miHkksx fcUnq dk
fu/kZj.k djrh gS tks ns'k A osQ fy, P rFkk ns'k B osQ fy, R gSA ;s nksuksa fcUnq ON lh/h js[kk ij gS tks nksuksa
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