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bdkbZμ4% vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj osQ vk/qfud fl¼kUr% ewY; ?kVd osQ lekuhdj.k---
ykxr osQ cjkcj gksrk gSA mRifÙk osQ lkèkuksa dks feyus okyk iqjLdkj] oLrq dh ykxr dks fuèkkZfjr djrk gS rFkk uksV
mDr iqjLdkj miHkksDrkvksa dh vk; vkSj ekax dk Lo:i fuèkkZfjr djrk gSA bl izdkj oLrq osQ ewY;] mRifÙk osQ
lkèkuksa osQ ikfjJfed] oLrqvksa dh ekax rFkk mRifÙk osQ lkèkuksa dh ekax ,oa iw£r esa ikjLifjd lEcUèk gksrk gSA
;gh ewY; osQ lkekU; fl¼kUr dk izeq[k rRo gSA
tgka rd ewY; osQ lkekU; lUrqyu dk iz'u gS] ;g ,d ns'k vFkok {ks=k osQ ,d cktkj (Single Market) ij
ykxw gksrk gSA dk er gS fd mDr lUrqyu osQoy le; rRo ij fopkj djrk gS ,oa {ks=k (LFkku) rRo
(Space factor) dh vogsyuk djrk gS ijUrq fuEu nks dkj.kksa ls vk£Fkd thou esa {ks=k dk egRoiw.kZ LFkku gSμ(i)
oqQN lhek rd mRifÙk osQ lkèku fdUgha u fdUgha {ks=kksa rd lhfer jgrs gSa] vkSj (ii) ifjogu ykxr rFkk vU;
ckèkk,a oLrq osQ LorU=k izokg dks lhfer djrh gSaA
us Li"V fd;k fd ;fn lkekU; ewY; osQ fl¼kUr esa {ks=k rRo dks Hkh 'kkfey dj fy;k tk, rks mls
fofHkUu {ks=kksa ,oa fofHkUu ns'kksa osQ cgqr&ls cktkjksa osQ ewY; fuèkkZfjr djus osQ fy, iz;qDr fd;k tk ldrk gSA
vr% dgk tk ldrk gS fd vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj dk fl¼kUr ,d cgq&cktkj (Multi-market) dk fl¼kUr gSA
pwafd vksgfyu us viuk fl¼kUr lkekU; lUrqyu fl¼kUr ij vkèkkfjr fd;k gS] vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj osQ vkèkqfud
fl¼kUr dks Hkh dgrs gSaA
osQ fl¼kUr osQ lkj dks fuEu iafDr;ksa esa O;Dr fd;k tk ldrk gS] ¶nks
ns'kksa esa O;kikj oLrqvksa dh ykxrksa esa lkisf{kd vUrj osQ dkj.k gksrk gS rFkk ;g vUrj nks dkj.kksa ls gksrkμ
(i) izFke rks ;g fd mRifÙk osQ lkèkuksa dh dher esa lkisf{kd vUrj gksrk gS_ vkSj (ii) f}rh; ;g fd fofHkUu
oLrqvksa osQ mRiknu esa mRifÙk osQ lkèkuksa dh vko';drk esa lkisf{kd fHkUurk gksrh gSA mRifÙk osQ lkèkuksa dh
dherksa esa lkisf{kd vUrj blfy, gksrk gS fd nks ns'kksa esa lkèkuksa dh lhferrk ;k LoYirk esa lkisf{kd vUrj
gksrk gS vFkkZr~ ,d ns'k esa oqQN lkèku izpqj ek=kk esa miyCèk gksrs gSa tcfd nwljs ns'k esa ogh LoYi ek=kk esa
miyCèk gksrs gSaA osQ 'kCnksa esa ¶vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj dh iwoZ vko';drk,¡ fu"d"kZ :i esa gSaμfofHkUu
lkisf{kd LoYirk (Relative scarcity) vFkkZr~
bl vkèkkj ij dgk tk ldrk gS fd ,d ns'k mu oLrqvksa dk fof'k"Vhdj.k vkSj fu;kZr djrk gS ftuosQ mRiknu
esa lkisf{kd :i ls mu lkèkuksa dh vfèkd vko';drk gksrh gS tks ml ns'k esa lkisf{kd :i ls izpqj ek=kk esa
vkSj blfy, lkisf{kd :i ls lLrs gksrs gSaA
(Assumptions of the Heckscher-Ohlin Theory)
gsDlpj&vksgfyu dk vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj dk fl¼kar ftldh laf{kIr :ijs[kk Åij izLrqr dh x;h gS] fuEu
ekU;rkvksa ij vkèkkfjr gSμ
(i) O;kikj osQ fy, (Double model) dks fy;k x;k gS ftlesa nks ns'k] nks oLrq,a vkSj mRifÙk
osQ nks lkèku gSaμJe ,oa iwathA
(ii) nksuksa ns'kksa esa] oLrqvksa vkSj mrifÙk osQ lkèkuksa&nksuksa cktkjksa esa gSA
(iii) nksuksa ns'kksa esa u rks dksbZ O;kikj dh ckèkk,a gSa vkSj u ifjogu O;; gksrk gS vFkkZr~ ,oa
gSA
(iv) izR;sd ns'k esa mRifÙk osQ lkèku iw.kZ :i ls xfr'khy gSa] fdUrq nksuksa ns'kksa osQ chp mRifÙk osQ
gSA
(v) nksuksa ns'kksa esa mRifÙk osQ nksuksa lkèkuksa (Je vkSj iwath) osQ vuqikr esa fHkUurk gS vFkkZr~
(Quanititatively) (Qualitatively)
vFkkZr~ os leku (Homogenous) gSaA
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