Page 296 - DECO504_STATISTICAL_METHODS_IN_ECONOMICS_HINDI

vFkZ'kkL=k esa lkaf[;dh; fof/;k¡

uksV lw=kksa dh O;k[;kμigys nksuksa lw=kksa esa Øe'k% vk/kj o"kZ dh ek=kk vk/kj o"kZ dh ek=kk vkSj izpfyr o"kZ dh
ek=kk osQ Hkkj iz;ksx fd, x, gSaA oSls] ik'ks dh rqyuk esa ykLis;j lw=k vf/d ljy rFkk yksdfiz; gS D;ksafd blesa
Hkkj izfro"kZ cnyus ugha iM+rsA rhljk lw=k] igys nksuksa lw=kksa (ykLis;j o ik'ks) dk lekUrj ekè; gS tcfd
fiQ'kj dk lw=k] bu nksuksa lw=kksa dk xq.kksÙkj ekè; gSA pkSFkk lw=k] fiQ'kj dk oSdfYid lw=k (Alternative
Formula) dgykrk gS vkSj ek'kZy&,toFkZ us blh dk leFkZu o iz;ksx fd;k gSA è;ku jgs] fiQ'kj dk lw=k le;
o rRo mRØkE;rk bu nksuksa ijh{k.kksa dks lUrq"V djrk gSA (pØh; ijh{k.k dks iwjk ugha djrk) tcfd
ek'kZy&,toFkZ lw=k osQoy le;&mRØkE;rk ijh{k.k dks lUrq"V djrk gS vU; fdlh ijh{k.k dks ughaA okY'k dk
lw=k xq.kksÙkj ekè; ij vk/kfjr Hkkfjr lewgksa dk lwpdkad gS tks x.ku&fØ;k dh n`f"V ls dkiQh tfVy gSA

oSQyh osQ lw=k esa vk/kj o"kZ ;k izpfyr o"kZ osQ Hkkjksa osQ LFkku ij ,d izekfir&o"kZ
(q) osQ Hkkj fy, x, gSaA

mnkgj.k (Illustration) 4. fuEufyf[kr leadksa ls (i) ykLis;j] (ii) ik'ks] (iii) ek'kZy&,toFkZ] (iv) Mªksfc'k ,oa
ckmQys rFkk (v) fiQ'kj jhfr }kjk] 1980 dks vk/kj ekudj 1990 osQ dher lwpdkad (Price index) Kkr dhft,A
lkFk gh ykLis;j rFkk ik'ks jhfr ls 1990 osQ ^ek=kk lwpdkad* (Quantity index) Hkh cukb,μ
Year 1980 Year 1990
Commodity
Price Quantity Price Quantity
A 20 8 40 6
B 50 10 60 5
C 40 15 50 15
D 20 20 20 25
fofHkUu lw=kksa }kjk ewY; rFkk ek=kk lwpdkadksa dk ifjdyu

1980 1990 Hkkfjr lewg (Aggregates)
oLrq
p q p q p q p q p q p q
0 0 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
A 20 8 40 6 160 120 320 240
B 50 10 60 5 500 250 600 300
C 40 15 50 15 600 600 750 750
D 20 20 20 25 400 500 400 500
1660 1470 2070 1790
Total
Σp q Σp q Σp q Σp q
0 0 0 1 1 0 1 1
(i) ykLis;j (Laspeyre’s) jhfr }kjk ^ewY;* rFkk ^ek=kk* lwpdkadμ
Σpq 2070
P = 10 × 100 = × 100 = 124.7
01
Σpq 1660
00
Σqp 1470
Q = 10 × 100 = × 100 = 88.6
01 Σqp 0 1660
0
(ii) ik'ks (Paasche) jhfr }kjk ^ewY;* rFkk ^ek=kk* lwpdkadμ
Σpq 1790
P = 11 × 100 = × 100 = 121.8
01 Σpq 1470
01

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