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Unit 2: Types of Research: Basic, Applied and Action Research

2. For the development of educational process, internal endeavour is to develop new knowledge Notes
and to improve the present knowledge.
Why and how an research is done, there are differences at this point of view. Neither the objectives of all
researches are same nor their process. A classification of different types of researches is given in further
chapters. There is an explanation of a different type of research which is called action research.

2.3 Development of Concept of Action Research
The birth of concept of action research took place in the mind of Stephen M. Core (1953). Many
writers tried to link this concept with Levin. A writer wrote that its development took Place in 1926.
also the origin of this concept is ‘ Modern human arrangement’ theory. Those concept are illusions
the concept of action research is only belongs to ‘Core’ and its origin was written in 1953, his book
“Action Research to improve school.” Before this no one has used this keyword. This is other matter
that the thinking of other writers matches with the concept of core. According to ‘Mauli’ for the
development of this concept credit goes to ‘Core’. Mauli states that when this book was published in
1953 teachers’ welcomed this book as they were struggling with those sorts of problems they had no
any solution to solve their problems and directions to solve these types of problems was suggested
in that book. This suggestion was action research.

Did You Know? The concept of action research birth took place in the mind of Stephen
M. Core.

The concept of action research took place in Core’s mind. There was an experienced background
behind this. The research that were happening in the field of education in 1950 America Core was not
happy because of this they were of very limit to be used. There was no only required influence on the
school education. There were lots of problems concern with school but educational research were not
satisfying the teacher whom they were passing through the problems and were struggling. The main
objective of most of the researchers is to take sample and after collecting information to implement
the theories and rules. The results of these researches were limited to theories only. They were not
helpful in making more strong of educational process, to resolve the everyday problems of school,
to improve the skills of the teachers, for the improvement of educational skill of students. Thus the
practical utility of these researches was none the less. So, Core decided to think differently after being
unhappy from the fundamental research’s failure. According to him unless a teacher engages with
the research works the results of research to improve the schools position can’t be implemented. Core
wrote (1953) in his book I trusted the researchers specialist of education world and often said to them
that they analyze the schools and told what should they do, but now my believe has broken. But to
implement the concept in the behaviours’ of the volunteers of education world is a big problem and
until now we have no any solution.

Caution Only those should do research who want to change in their process of work on
the basis of the results of study.

So, he emphasis, for the solution of problems of schools, school level research should be done and
these researches should be done by teachers so that the results can be used to make education process

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