Page 322 - DEDU501_DEVELOPMENT_OF_EDUCATION_SYSTEM_HINDI

bdkbZ—31% i;kZoj.kh; tkx:drk osQ izlkj esa f'k{kk dh Hkwfedk

(2) tSfod ?kVdμikS/s] tkuoj] tho&tUrq rFkk ekuoh; dk;Z&dyki] Ñf"k] m|ksx] ;krk;kr] vk£Fkd uksV
i{k] jktuSfrd] lkaLÑfrd i{k vkfnA
• fofHk i;kZoj.k osQ vè;;u fo"k;ksa esa lsehukj rFkk lEesyu gq, gSa vkSj jk"Vªh; rFkk vUrjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij
^i;kZoj.k tkx:drk* dh vko';drk dk vuqHko lHkh us fd;k gSA ijUrq blls leL;k dk lek/ku lEHko
ugha gS blfy, ^i;kZoj.k f'k{kk* dh rRdky vko';drk dk vuqHko fd;k x;kA blesa lS¼kfUrd rFkk
O;kogkfjd nksuksa i{kksa dks egRo fn;k tkrk gSA ^i;kZoj.k tkx:drk* osQ osQoy lS¼kfUrd i{k ij cy
fn;k tkrk gS vFkkZr~ KkukRed i{k rd gh lhfer jgrk gSA
• i;kZoj.k f'k{kk dh O;oLFkk osQ vUrxZr f'k{kd Nk=kksa dks i;kZoj.k lEcU/h Kku rFkk tkudkjh gh ugha nsrk
gS vfirq vf/xe gsrq ifjfLFkfr;k¡ Hkh mRi djrk gS ftlls muesa dkS'ky] cks/] vfHko`fÙk;ksa rFkk ewY;ksa
dk fodkl fd;k tk losQA
• f'k{kdksa dks d{kk rFkk fo|ky; ls ckgj osQ i;kZoj.k dk Hkh vuqHko iznku djkuk gksxk] D;ksafd fofHk LFkkuksa
esa vUrj vf/d gksrk gSA blfy, f'k{kdksa dks Nk=kksa dks fofo/ izdkj osQ i;kZoj.k lEcU/h tkudkjh] dkS'ky
vfHko`fÙk rFkk ewY;ksa dk fodkl djkuk gksxk ftlls Nk=kksa dks i;kZoj.k lEcU/h Bksl vuqHko iznku fd;s
tk losaQxsA

31-4 'kCndks'k (Keywords)

• ekuohÑrμ ekuo }kjk tfurA

• JO; bfUnz;k¡μ lquus dh bfUnz;k¡A

31-5 vH;kl&iz'u (Review Questions)

1. i;kZoj.k tkx:drk dh fo'ks"krkvksa ij izdk'k Mkfy,A
2. i;kZoj.k tkx:drk osQ izlkj esa f'k{kk ,oa f'k{kd dh Hkwfedk dk leh{kkRed o.kZu dhft,A
mÙkj % Lo&ewY;kadu (Answer: Self Assessment)

1. euksoSKkfud 2. HkkokRed 3. KkukRed 4. i;kZoj.k
5. tSfodA

31-6 lanHkZ iqLrosaQ (Further Readings)

1. vè;kid f'k{kkμ,u-vkj- lDlsuk] ch-osQ- feJk] vkj-osQ- eksgUrh_ fou; j[kstk ifCy'klZ] jkt
fizUVlZ (;w-ih-)
2. i;kZoj.k vè;;uμMk- c`tfoykl ik.Ms;_ izdk'ku osQUnz y[kuÅA
3. Hkkjr esa f'k{kk dk fodklμizks- lqjs'k HkVukxj] MkW- lat; oqQekj_ fou; j[kstk ifCy'klZ]
(;w-ih-)A
4. 'kSf{kd rduhdh osQ ewy rRo ,oa izca/uμMkW- ,l-osQ- eaxy] Jherh 'kqHkzk eaxy_ b.Vjus'kuy
ifCy¯'kx gkml (;w-ih-)A

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