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'kSf{kd O;oLFkk dk fodkl




                    uksV            •   foKku ,oa xf.kr dh f'k{kk osQ fy, mPp vè;;u&osQUnzksa dh LFkkiuk dh tkuh pkfg, vkSj muesa ;ksX;
                                        ,oa vuqHkoh vè;kidksa dh fu;qfDr dh tkuh pkfg,A
                                    •   foKku osQ lEcfU/r fo"k;ksa osQ lS¼kfUrd ,oa iz;ksxkRed i{kksa esa leUo; LFkkfir fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
                                    •   izk;ksfxd HkkSfrd'kkL=k ,oa jlk;u'kkL=k dk fodkl djus osQ fy, fo'ks"k iz;kl fd, tkus pkfg,A
                                    •   orZeku oSKkfud] vkS|ksfxd ,oa vU; vko';drkvksa dks iw.kZ djus osQ fy, 2 o"kZ osQ ,e-,l-lh- osQ

                                        dkslZ osQ vfrfjDr 1 o"kZ ;k de vof/ dk dksbZ fo'ks"k dkslZ vkjEHk fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
                                    •   Ñf"k&iz/ku ns'k] Hkkjr esa Ñf"k dh ghu n'kk vkSj ns'k osQ fy, mlosQ egRo dks è;ku esa j[krs gq,]

                                        ¶vk;ksx¸ us Ñf"k dh f'k{kk eas lq/kj ,oa foLrkj djus osQ fy, lq>ko fn, gSaμ
                                    •   ¶vk;ksx¸ us Ñf"k&fo'ofo|ky;ksa dh LFkkiuk] dk;ks± vkfn osQ fo"k; esa fuEufyf[kr lq>ko fn;s gSaμ

                                     (i) izR;sd jkT; esa de&ls&de ,d Ñf"k&fo'ofo|ky; dh LFkkiuk dh tkuh pkfg,A
                                     (ii) Ñf"k&fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa d{kk&f'k{k.k dh vis{kk izk;ksfxd ,oa iz;ksx'kkyk&dk;ks± ij vf/d cy fn;k
                                        tkuk pkfg,A
                                    (iii) Ñf"k&fo'ofo|ky;ksa eas Ñf"k&f'k{kk osQ vè;kidksa osQ fy;s izf'k{k.k&osQUnzksa dh LFkkiuk dh tkuh pkfg,A
                                    (iv) Ñf"k&fo'ofo|ky;ksa esa Ñf"k dh f'k{kk] vuqla/ku ,oa izlkj&dk;ZØeksa dh mÙke O;oLFkk gksuh pkfg,A


                                  5-4 'kCndks'k (Keywords)

                                        • izkfof/dμ rduhd
                                        • vxzkafdrμ vkxs fy[kk gqvk

                                  5-5 vH;kl&iz'u  (Review Questions)

                                    1. Hkkjrh; f'k{kk vk;ksx vFkok dksBkjh vk;ksx osQ eq[; lq>koksa dk o.kZu dhft,A

                                    2. dksBkjh vk;ksx (1964&66) osQ mís';ksa dk laf{kIr foospu dhft,A
                                  mÙkj % Lo&ewY;kadu  (Answer: Self  Assessment)
                                  1.     (1) ch-, vkSj ,e- ,-        (2) :lh Hkk"kk  (3) ekè;fed f'k{kk

                                         (4) Ñf"k&f'k{kk             (5) izkS|ksfxdh
                                  2-     (1) (b)             (2) (c)         (3) (d)           (4) (c)
                                         (5) (d)

                                  5-6 lanHkZ iqLrosaQ  (Further Readings)





                                            1. vè;kid f'k{kkμ,u- vkj- lDlsuk] ch- osQ feJk] vkj- osQ- eksgUrh_ fou; j[kstk ifCy'klZ] jkt
                                               fizUVlZ (;w-ih-)

                                            2. i;kZoj.k vè;;uμMk- c`tfoykl ik.Ms;_ izdk'ku osQUnz y[kuÅA
                                            3. Hkkjr esa f'k{kk dk fodklμizks- lqjs'k HkVukxj] MkW- lat; oqQekj_ fou; j[kstk ifCy'klZ]
                                               (;w-ih-)A
                                            4. 'kSf{kd rduhdh osQ ewy rRo ,oa izca/uμMkW- ,l- osQ- eaxy] Jherh 'kqHkzk eaxy_ b.Vjus'kuy
                                               ifCy¯'kx gkml (;w-ih-)A


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