Page 105 - DEDU502_GUIDANCE_AND_COUNSELING_ENGLISH

Unit 8: Personal and Group Guidance: Concept, Aims and Methods

• The nature and purpose of personal guidance will be clearly understood when we take into Notes
consideration the different stages of child education.
Aims of Personal Guidance at Elementary Stage: Personal guidance at the elementary stage can be
described keeping in view the basic needs of children. The childhood period is the period of
growth and development. The following are the aims of personal guidance at this stage:
• To help the children to form desirable attitudes towards his self, parents teachers, class
fellows and others.
• Aims of Personal Guidance at Secondary Stage: The nature of personal guidance at the secondary
stage can be understood keeping in mind the basic needs and interests of secondary school
students. Purposes of personal guidance at this stage are:
(i) To help the students to solve the problems concerning physical health.
(ii) To help the pupils to solve problems concerning sex, emotionality and mental health.
• The following are the aims of personal guidance at this stage :
(a) To help the pupils in solving all types of emotional problems, and other personal problems.
(b) To help the pupils in making adjustments with the new environment i.e. with the changing
environment, college environment and environment of the society at large.
(c) To help the students in developing healthy ideas and building a new philosophy of life.
• Children come into the world genetically endowed with all their human potential for growing,
developing and learning.
• The Questionnaire: A questionnaire is a list of questions to be answered by an individual or
a group of individuds, especially to get facts or information
• Observation: In this technique behaviour is studied through .observation by a trained observer.
The effectiveness of the technique depends upon the skilfulness of the observer.
• Sociometry: The purpose of this is to study the nature of social relationship of individual
within a group.
• Autobiography: As a guidance technique for studying the individual, it gives valuable
information about the individual's interests, abilities, personal history, hopes, ambitions, likes,
dislikes, etc.
• Rating Scales: In this technique presence or absence of a particular type of behaviour or trait
in a person is rated in terms of quantity and quality. You might. be rating your students'
performance, handwriting, habits and many other aspects in your day-today teaching.

• Group guidane is an integral part of the guidance programme. The most important objectives in
the guidance process are to help the individual achieve self-direction, self-knowledge and self-
realisation. These cannot be achieved in a cultural vacuum. Many experiences must take place
in a group setting, since it is the only way they can be learned realistically.
• Concept: When more than one individuals are put together in a group for educational, vocational
or personal guidance, the situation thus created is known as the situation of group guidance
or group counseling.
• There are two types of group guidance— (i) orientational, and (ii) therapedic. Orientational kind
of group guidance concentrates on orienting pupils to new environment, new courses or new
programmes.
• Orientation is necessary whenever pupils enter a new institution than at other stages. The
orientation programmes of group guidance serve, according to Bennett (1963) the following
purposes :

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