Page 135 - DEDU502_GUIDANCE_AND_COUNSELING_ENGLISH

Unit 11: Counseling: Concept, Need and Goals with Reference to India

securing the former, namely, symptom removal or reduction as a necessary pre-condition for Notes
personal effectiveness.
Self Assessment

2. State whether the following statements are ‘True’ or ‘False’:
(i) The goal of counselling is to help individuals overcome their immediate problems.
(ii) Ultimate goals are broad and general long term outcomes like positive mental health.
(iii) Self actualization as a goal of life can be static and it is a continuous process.

11.4 The Role of Government of India and Universities

In 1954 the Government of India set up the Central Bureau of Educational and Vocational Guidance
Central Government came forward with programmes of financial assistance to various States
either to start or to expand their existing guidance bureaux. By 1955, 11 State bureaux were
established and there was a steady growth in various other States as well (Gorkal, 1962).
The M.S. University, Baroda, set up counseling services and appointed a full time counselor in
1958 with the assistance of the University Grants Commission. The Centre did creditable work
and it branched off into test developing work which must have seriously affected the counseling
work proper. The Centre also offered a two-year part-time course for school teachers, where
classes were held on Saturdays and Sundays. However, such part-time arrangements could not do
much in professionally equipping the teachers for guidance work in any significant manner.
During the period of the Second and Third Five-Year Plans there was a tremendous growth in the
guidance movement in India resulting in the opening of new universities and hundreds of training
colleges to meet the demand for trained teachers for the several thousand secondary schools
which came to be opened in consonance with the Directive Principles of Universal Education
namely, Article 45 of the Constitution. The guidance bureaux came to be attached to the State
Directorates of Education.

The end of the Second World War in 1945 brought in its wake serious problems of rehabilitating
the retrenched defence personnel. To render assistance to these ex-defence pesonnel (ex-
servicemen) the Government of India established employment exchanges. These have grown and
become knit into the National Employment Services Organization under the Directorate General
of Employment and Training, Government of India. Vocational guidance sections were attached
to employment exchanges with the implementation of the recommendations of the Shiva Rao
Committee. The Government of India gave generous assistance to State Governments to set up
Directorates of Employment and Training. In due course, vocational guidance cells were created
in most of the Directorates of Employment and Training at the State Government levels.

11.5 Present Status of Counseling in India

The kind of agencies which render vocational guidance can be classified under three heads :
1. Governmental agencies, including Central and State : The Vocational Guidance Unit of the
Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of India, and the Directorate of
Employment and Training at the State headquarters fall under this category.The service
rendered by the govenmental agencies is largely limited to giving employment information
to prospective job seekers. The guidance cell has Vocational Guidance Officers (VGOs) who
are expected to periodically visit schools to give career talks and to arrange career conferences
for the benefit of the students.
2. The second category of agencies may be broadly classified as private number of voluntary
organizations on the lines of the Parsi Panchayat, Bombay, have come to be established to

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 129