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Guidance and Counseling

Notes 6.3 Need of Educational Guidance

Human being has two forms: biological and social. In order to develop his second form, i.e.,
social form, the process of socialization is needed. In order to start this process, attention must be
paid to the various aspects of the social development of an individual. Hence, for the social
development of human being, education and educational guidance is required at each step.
Continuous changes in the various social aspects are occurring, such as : social ideology, aims of
education, methods of achieving these objectives, social needs, social values and traditions etc.
In addition to these changes in social aspects, there are influences of psychological researches on
education, an individual and the society. And, as a result of these researches, revolutionary social
and educational changes are being observed, such as, at present, education according to the
pupil’s aptitude, ability and interest, is being insisted. But, practically, providing such education
faces many difficulties. In such conditions, the need of educational guidance can be realized.
Hence, there is no single factor but variety of factors are responsible which create the need of
educational guidance. The description of factors is given below :
(1) To solve the problems of wastage and staganation.
(2) Appropriate selection of courses or subjects.
(3) Making adjustment in school.
(4) Information regarding future Education.
(5) Providing awareness about the job opportunities.
(6) Making busy in learning process.
(7) Change in teaching methods and school Administration.
(8) Identify the reasons for increasing percentage of delinquents.
The description has been provided in the following paras :
(1) To Solve Wastage and Stagnation Problems : Most of the wastage occurs at the primary
stage of education. It is found that many children get admission in primary education. They
go to school for some period, but due to one or the other reasons they fail to complete their
primary education and their parents withdraw them from the school due to their financial
problems.
Similarly, the problem of stagnation has become equally serious. Pupils stick to one
educational level for more than desired duration. Its reason may be any—such as, illiteracy
of parents, narrow attitude of parents, unsatisfactory, economic condition of parents, shortage
of sufficient schools, lack of favourable environment in schools etc. The problems of wastage
and stagnation are more frequent in rural areas as compared to urban areas.
(2) Appropriate Selection of Subjects : At present, the comprehensiveness of the curriculum
and multiplicity of subjects are an indication of expansion and enrichment of the knowledge.
From psychological view-point, if we observe an individual or a pupil, we see that all
individuals or pupils are not alike with regard to intelligence levels, interest and aptitude.
If the selection of subjects and curriculum does not occur according to their intellectual
level, their interests and aptitudes, the pupils fail to gain that much success in that subject or
curriculum which they should have.
Sometimes high expectations of the pupils or their parents encourage them for the wrong
selection of the curriculum or subjects, such as many pupils try to achieve very unsatisfactorily
in science subjects, but their achievement level increases appreciably in arts subjects.
(3) Adjustment in School : The problem of adjustment is very deep. No one can make desirable
progress in any field without proper adjustment However, maladjustment may lead to
damages.

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