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Educational Measurement and Evaluation

Notes (ii) Difficulty level of test affects on test scores.
(iii) Children whose parents are suppostive and interested in their children’s education will
do better than the children of those who show little interest in their interest in their
progres at school.
(iv) Under anxiety, children can conconcantrate on their studies and exams.
(v) Children who come from a different culture may have not any kind of problem
understanding the content of questions.
(vi) High intake of alcohol and drug use in matters have been shows to significantly lower
the IQ of their children.
(vii) Lead exposure increase the intelligence test score.

16.5 Summary

• A standardized test score is an indication of how much knowledge a child has accumulated
and can put down on paper on a certain day within a limited time frame. That is all it is : an
indication. There are many additional factors, some of which are more important, that a
teacher must consider before assigning a mark for a report card, or deciding on the
appropriate placement for a student for the upcoming term.
• In fact the students’ test score on an examination depends on many factors of course one of
these is student’s knoweldge, understanding or ability in the subject-matter of examination,
which determines the student’s final mark. This factor influence the student’s own Score
(not of others) but there are other factors that influence score of all students, more or less
equally. These are given below :
(i) Difficulty level of Examination: It is not possible to judge the exact difficulty level of an
examination question at the time of its Construction.
(ii) Nature of group tested
(iii) Instructional effectiveness
(iv) Miscalculation of time limit
(v) Sampling inadequacies
• Psychological Factors
• Anxiety : Some children “freeze” in a testing situation. They are unable to focus or concentrate
long enough to give a true picture of their actual knowledge in a subject area.
• Physical Health : A child may be coming down with the flu, have a headache, a sore throat,
or be overtired.
• Emotional Health : The student may be upset because parents are in the midst of separation
or divorce proceedings. A close relative may be seriously ill. He may be witness to an
ongoing abusive relationship at home.
• Cultural Differences : Children who come from a different culture may have a problem
understanding the content of questions or situations appearing in the tests.
• Economic Differences : Children coming from homes where money is scarce will be
disadvantaged in may ways. As well as lacking proper nourishment, they may never have
been to a farm, a zoo or a circus.
• Parental Attitudes : Children to whom parents have read since infancy, whose homes are
scattered with books and papers, and whose parents enjoy reading themselves, have a huge
advantage over those whose homes which contain no reading material.
• Classroom Situation : If the classroom is crowded, if it contains several children with learning

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