Page 83 - DEDU504_EDUCATIONAL_MEASUREMENT_AND_EVALUATION_ENGLISH

Unit 6 : Validity – Types , Methods and Usability

• Differential Predictors Method : Validity of a test is evaluated on this basis also that its correlation Notes
with two different criteria is different. Many tests are criticized on this ground that their
predictive validity is equal for two different criteria.
• Factor-analysis Method : This is a method on the basis of which psychologists discover those
psychological elements which can be independent units. Human brain is a very complex
blending of many types of elements and characteristics. It is a large network of these. The
effort to distinguish these elements and characteristics into independent units is the chief
objective of factor-analysis.

Educational assessment should always have a clear purpose. Nothing will be gained from
assessment unless the assessment has some validity for the purpose. For that reason, validity
is the most important single attribute of a good test.
The validity of an assessment tool is the extent to which it measures what it was designed to
measure, without contamination from other characteristics. For example, a test of reading
comprehension should not require mathematical ability.

6.6 Keywords

Validity : The state of being legally or officially acceptable
Adequacy : Enough inquantity, or good enough in quality
Criterion : a standard or principle by which something is judged

6.7 Review Questions
1. Explain the meaning and nature of validity.
2. What are the types of validity ? Explain then.
3. Discuss the face Validity.
4. What are the methods of Calculating Validity ?

5. Give the usability of validity
Answers : Self Assessment

1. (i) Validity (ii) National Committee on test standards, three
(iii) Quantitative indices (iv) face Validity
(v) criterion related validity
2. (i) T (ii) F (iii)T (iv)T (v) F
6.8 Further Readings

1. Education Measurement and Evaluation : J.Swarupa Rani, Discovery Publishing
house.
2. Measurement and Evaluation in Teaching : Norman Edward Gronlund Macmillian
3. Measurement and Assessment in Teaching : Robert L. Linn Pearson Education India.
4. Program Evaluation and performance measurement : James C. Me. David, Laura
R.L. Hawthorn, Sage Publications.

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