Page 301 - DEDU504_EDUCATIONAL_MEASUREMENT_AND_EVALUATION_HINDI

bdkbZ—24% ewY;kadu esa dEI;wVj dk mi;ksx

vr% dEI;wVj ,d ,slh bySDVªksfud ;qfDr gS] tks fdlh Hkh izdkj ls vkadM+ksa dks O;ofLFkr o fu;fU=kr rks djrk uksV
gh gS lkFk gh mDr le; esa iw.kZ 'kq¼rk osQ lkFk x.kuk Hkh djrk gSA
lu~ 1946 osQ ckn ls vkt rd dEI;wVj osQ fodkl dh izfØ;k fujUrj py jgh gSA bySDVªksfuDl iqtks± osQ fodkl
us dEI;wVj osQ fodkl esa egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku fn;k gSA dEI;wVj esa iz;ksx fd, x, eq[; bySDVªksfud iqtks± osQ vkèkkj
ij dEI;wVj osQ fodkl dks ik¡p ihf<+;ksa esa ckaVk x;k gSA
izFke ih<+h osQ dEI;wVj (First Generation Computer)
f}rh; ih<+h osQ dEI;wVj (Second Generation Computer)

r`rh; ih<+h osQ dEI;wVj (Third Generation Computer)
prqFkZ ih<+h osQ dEI;wVj (Fourth Generation Computer)
iape ih<+h osQ dEI;wVj (Fifth Generation Computer)

24-2 dEI;wVj dh fo'ks"krk,¡ (Characteristics of Computer)

dEI;wVj dh eq[; fo'ks"krk;sa fuEufyf[kr gSaμ
1- xfr (Speed)μdEI;wVj }kjk de le; esa rhoz xfr ls x.kuk,¡ dh tk ldrh gSaA dEI;wVj }kjk fd;s tkus
μ9
okys lHkh dk;Z x.kukvksa ij gh vkèkkfjr gksrs gSaA vkèkqfud dEI;wVj uSuks lsosQ.M (10 lsosQ.M) ls ihdks
μ12
lsosQ.M (10 lsosQ.M) rd esa dk;Z djrs gSaA
2- laxzg.k {kerk (Storing Capacity)μdEI;wVj dh laxzg.k {kerk dh U;wure bdkbZ ckbV gSA ,d fdyks

ckbV dk rkRi;Z 1024 ckbV~l ls gSa] vFkkZr~ 1 fdyks ckbV~l esa 1024 Characters dks laxzfgr fd;k tk
ldrk gSA
3- 'kq¼rk (Accuracy)μdEI;wVj }kjk miyCèk djk;s x;s vk¡dM+s iw.kZr% 'kq¼ gksrs gSaA ;fn dEI;wVj vk¡dM+s
izn£'kr djrk gS rks mlesa dEI;wVj dh dksbZ xyrh ugha gS cfYd mlesa vk¡dM+s iQhM djus okys dh xyrh
gksrh gSA
4- Lopkyu (Automation)μdEI;wVj Lor% leLr dk;Z Lopkfyr :i ls djrk gSA ,d ckj vk¡dM+s
dEI;wVj esa izfo"V djus osQ i'pkr~ mUgsa izksxzke osQ fuf'pr Øe esa fn, x, funsZ'k osQ vuq:i fHkUu&fHkUu
dk;ks± gsrq fHkUu&fHkUu :i ls fo'ys"k.k dj 'kq¼ ifj.kke fd, tk ldrs gSaA

5- l{kerk (Efficiency)μdEI;wVj ,d bySDVªkWfud ;qfDr gksus osQ dkj.k vfèkd dk;ZHkkj gksus ij Hkh FkdkoV
dk dksbZ ukeks&fu'kku ifjyf{kr ugha gksrkA fdlh ;kaf=kd e'khu vFkok ekuo ls Hkh vfèkd dk;Z djk;k
tk;s rks mlesa FkdkoV osQ y{k.k fn[kkbZ nsus yxrs gSa] ijUrq dEI;wVj ls fdruh Hkh nsj rd dk;Z djk;k
tk;s rks Hkh og vfUre {k.k rd mlh n{krk ls dk;Z djsxk ftl n{krk ls mlus dk;Z 'kq# fd;k FkkA
Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)
1- fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa ij ^lR;* rFkk ^vlR;* fyf[k, (State Whether the following statements
are ‘True’ or ‘False’)μ

1. xfr] 'kq¼rk ,oa Lopkyu dEI;wVj dh izeq[k fo'ks"krk;sa gSaA
2. f'k{k.k&vfèkxe esa dEI;wVj lgk;rk vuqns'ku O;fDrxr fHkUurk osQ fy;s lqfoèkk iznku djrk gSA
3. dEI;wVj dk dk;Z Nk=k dks Hkkxhnkjh osQ fy;s izksRlkfgr djuk] Lor% fn'kk fu;af=kr djuk vkSj i`"Biks"k.k
nsuk gSA

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