Page 45 - DEDU504_EDUCATIONAL_MEASUREMENT_AND_EVALUATION_HINDI
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bdkbZμ3% ekiu dh vuqekifu;k¡



            3-3 pj dk vFkZ (Meaning of Variable)                                                     uksV

            fdlh oLrq ;k O;fDr dh fo'k"krk dks pj dh laKk nh tkrh gSA fo'ks"krkvksa osQ vkèkkj ij fHkUurk dk fuèkkZj.k
            gksrk gSA pj ,d laosQr ek=k gksrk gS ftlesa vadksa vFkok ewY;ksa dk vkoaVu gksrk gSA pj dksbZ Hkh U;k; laxr
            ewY; ys ldrk gSA bl izdkj laosQr dksbZ la[;kRed eku ;k ewY; fn;k tkrk gSA cqf¼ ijh{k.k }kjk fof'k"V
            vad iznku fd;s tkrs gSaA





                   cqf¼ ekiu osQ ewY; dks cqf¼&yfC/ (I.Q.) dgk tkrk gSA

            pj dh izdkj (Types of Variable)&fdlh O;fDr ;k oLrq dk ekiu ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA vfirq mlosQ
            xq.kksa vFkok fo'ks"krkvksa (pjksa) dk ekiu fd;k tkrk gSA mlosQ vkèkkj ij O;fDrxr fHkUurk Kkr dh tkrh
            gSA pjksa dk foHkktu dbZ izdkj ls fd;k tkrk gSA pjksa osQ izdkj dk oxhZdj.k ;gk¡ pkVZ }kjk izLrqr fd;k
            x;k gSA bl izdkj pjksa dk foHkktu rhu izdkj ls fd;k tkrk gS&


            (1) lEiknu osQ vkèkkj ij
                                          pj osQ izdkj
                                              ↓
                          ↓                                         ↓

                   1- lEiknu osQ vkèkkj                     3- Hkwfedk osQ vkèkkj
                    (Operational Basis)                       (Role of Variable)
                         ↓                                         ↓
                 ↓                ↓                     ↓           ↓         ↓
               1-1 lfØ;      1-2 lkekU; pj        3-1 LorU=k pj 3-2 gLr{ksi pj 3-3 vkfJr pj

                                              ↓
                                        2- iznÙkksa osQ vkèkkj
                                         ij (Based of Data)
                                              ↓
                      ↓                                          ↓
                2-1 vlrr~ pj                                2-2 lrr~ pj
                (Discrite variable)                      (Continious variable)

            (2) iznÙkksa osQ vkèkkj ij
            (3) pjksa dh Hkwfedk osQ vkèkkj ijA
            (1) lEiknu osQ vkèkkj ij (Operational Variable)&bl izdkj osQ pjksa dk mi;ksx iz;ksxkRed dk;ks± esa
            fd;k tkrk gS ftl pj dk izHkko ns[kk tkrk gS vkSj ml pj dk lEiknu djrs gSa rc mls lfØ; pj (Active
            Variable) dgrs gSaA fdlh pj dk lkekU; fo'ks"krk osQ fy, ekiu fd;k tkrk gS rc mls fo'ks"krk pj
            (Attribute variable) dgrs gSaA

            (2) iznÙkksa dh izÑfr osQ vkèkkj ij (Based on Nature of Data)&pjksa dh izÑfr esa fHkUurk vfèkd
            gksrh gS blfy, muosQ ekiu gsrq fofoèk izdkj osQ ijh{k.k izfofèk;ka dk mi;ksx fd;k tkrk gS vkSj muls
            iznÙk Hkh fHkUu izdkj osQ izkIr gksrs gSaA iznÙkksa dh izÑfr osQ vkèkkj ij pjksa dk foHkktu nks oxks± esa fd;k
            tk ldrk gS&




                                             LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY                                       39
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