Page 50 - DENG405_BRITISH_POETRY

Unit 4: Major Literary Terms-IV

Owen, John Berryman, George Meredith, Edwin Morgan, Robert Frost, Rupert Brooke, George Sterling, Notes
Edna St. Vincent Millay, Federico García Lorca, E.E. Cummings, Jorge Luis Borges, Pablo Neruda,
Robert Lowell, Joan Brossa, Vikram Seth, Rainer Maria Rilke, Jan Kal, Ernest Hilbert, Kim Addonizio,
and Seamus Heaney continued to use the form. Elizabeth Bishop’s inverted “Sonnet” was one of her
last poems. Ted Berrigan’s book, “The Sonnets”, is an arresting and curious take on the form. Paul
Muldoon often experiments with 14 lines and sonnet rhymes, though without regular sonnet meter.
The advent of the New Formalism movement in the United States has also contributed to contemporary
interest in the sonnet.

4.8 Summary

• Synecdoche, wherein a specific part of something is used to refer to the whole, is usually
understood as a specific kind of metonymy.
• Ode is a type of lyrical verse. A classic ode is structured in three major parts: the strophe, the
antistrophe, and the epode.
• Pastoral is a mode of literature in which the author employs various techniques to place the
complex life into a simple one.
• Pastoral shepherds and maidens usually have Greek names like Corydon or Philomela, re-
flecting the origin of the pastoral genre.
• A rhyme is a repetition of similar sounds in two or more words and is most often used in
poetry and songs.

4.9 Keywords

Spondee : A foot consisting of two long syllables.
Anapest : A metrical foot consisting of two short or unstressed syllables followed by one long
or stressed syllable.
Prosody : The pattern of rhythm and sound used in poetry.
Hymnody : The singer or composition of hymns.

4.10 Review Questions

1. What are synecdoche and example of it?
2. What does the english term pastoral poetry mean?
3. Differentiate between eye rhyme and mind rhyme.
4. What do you mean by the term personification?
5. What is sonnet? Explain spenserian sonnet.

Answers: Self Assessment
1. True 2. True 3. False
4. False 5. True 6. False
7. True 8. False 9. True
10. True

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