Page 379 - DHIN401_HINDI_SAHITYA_KA_ITIHAAS

bdkbZ 30 % Lokra=;ksÙkj x|&lkfgR; dk fodkl

rukoksa osQ dgkuhdkj gSa] jktsanz ;kno dh dgkfu;ksa esa oS;fDrdrk ij lkekftdrk gkoh jgrh gS vkSj deys'oj uksV
rukokas osQ chp ewY;kUos"k.k osQ fy, lps"V jgrs gSaA eksgu jkosQ'k dh dgkfu;ksa esa ^eycs dk ekfyd* dks
fo'ks"k [;kfr feyhA ;g lu~ 1947 osQ Hkkjr&foHkktu osQ iQyLo:i iSnk gqbZ eu% fLFkfr ij vkèkkfjr gSA
ns'k osQ foHkktu dh ifj.kfr O;kid jDrikr esa gh ugha gqbZ] cfYd nks laiznk;ksa osQ chp nqjko] lansg] =kkl]
Mj] ?k`.kk vkfn ekufld voèkkj.kkvksa esa Hkh gqbZA vKs;] panzxqIr fo|kyadkj] v'd vkfn us Hkh bl fo"k;
ij dgkfu;k¡ fy[kha] ¯drq tgk¡ vKs; dh dgkfu;k¡ iQkewZyksa ij fVdh gSa] fo|kyadkj dh dgkuh ^,d vkSj
¯gnqLrkuh dk tUe gqvk* nnZ dks mHkkjus esa vliQy jgh gS vkSj v'd dh ^Vscqy ySaM* jkseSafVd Hkkoqdrk ls
iw.kZ vkn'kZoknh dgkuh cudj jg xbZ gS] ogk¡ ^eycs dk ekfyd* osQ jpko esa visf{kr lkaosQfrd vkSj ruko
gSA ij jkosQ'k dh izfrfufèk dgkuh ^,d vkSj ¯tnxh* gSA ;g vkt osQ Vªsftd ruko dks iwjh xgjkbZ esa vk¡drh
gSμeuq"; u rks NwVh gqbZ ¯tnxh dks NksM+ ikrk gS vkSj u pquh gqbZ ¯tnxh dks viuk ikrk gS] vfirq nksuksa vksj
[khapk tkdj {kr&fo{kr gks tkrk gSA jkosQ'k dh ftu dgkfu;ksa esa lkekftdrkⓈfDrdrk dk ruko ugha gS]
ogk¡ Bgjko vk x;k gSA ^t[e* vkSj ^Bgjk gqvk pkowQ* ,slh gh dgkfu;k¡ gSaA muosQ dgkuh&laxzg gSaμu,
ckny] tkuoj vkSj tkuoj] ,d vkSj ¯tnxh vkfnA

jktsanz ;kno dh dgkfu;ksa esa vkèkqfud Hkko&cksèk dks O;kid lkekftdrk ls lan£Hkr djus dh dksf'k'k
feyrh gSA mUgksaus fuoSZ;fDrdrk ij fo'ks"k cy fn;k gS vkSj ^,d lekukarj nqfu;k* cukus dh ps"Vk dh gS]
¯drq bl lekukarjrk us dgkfu;ksa dks O;fDrRo Hkys gh fn;k gS] ij blh osQ dkj.k os vlaizsf"kr jg xbZ gSaA
;kno ^fÞoy fofnu fÞoy* osQ dgkuhdkj gSa] iQyLo:i mudh dgkfu;ksa esa my>ko vk tkrk gS ftldk ,d
dkj.k ;g Hkh gS fd os ewyr% vkSiU;kfld psruk osQ dFkkdkj gSaA ^tgk¡ y{eh oSQn gS*] ^vfHkeU;q dh
vkRedFkk*] ^NksVs&NksVs rktegy*] ^fdukjs ls fdukjs rd*] ^izrh{kk*] ^VwVuk vkSj vU; dgkfu;k¡*] ^vius ikj*
vkfn muosQ izeq[k dgkuh&laxzg gSaA deys'oj dh dgkfu;ksa esa ;qxhu laØe.k dk ewY;kUos"kh Loj feyrk gSA
mudh fodkl&;k=kk esa cksèk osQ fofHkUu lanHkZ vkSj thou osQ fofoèk vk;ke fn[kkbZ nsaxsA mnkgj.kkFkZ] ^nsok dh
ek¡* esa iqjkuh ih<+h osQ thou dk l'kDr fp=k.k gqvk gS] rks ^uhyh >hy* esa ekuoh; laosnuk dks mldh foLr`fr
esa fy;k x;k gSA ^[kksbZ gqbZ fn'kk,¡* vkt osQ egkuxjh; cksèk] vosQysiu vkSj csxkuxh dh VªstsMh gS] rks ^ekal
dk nfj;k* esa ^;kek n fiV* dh >k¡dh fey ldrh gSA deys'oj bl dky&[kaM osQ vR;ar l'kDr dgkuhdkj
gSaA ;g 'kfDr :ekfu;r ls vyx gksus vkSj Hkk"kk&lajpuk la;e esa fufgr gSA laiw.kZ lajpuk esa bruh fu%laxrk
fdlh vU; dgkuhdkj esa ugha vk ikbZ gSA
dfo&dgkuhdkjμvkyksP; dky esa ujs'k esgrk] j?kqohj lgk; (jkLrk bèkj ls Hkh gS)] losZ'ojn;ky lDlsuk]
èkeZohj Hkkjrh] oq¡Qoj ukjk;.k] jkenj'k feJ ([kkyh ?kj] ,d og) vkfn us vius&vius <ax dh dgkfu;k¡
fy[kh gSaA dfork dk vH;klh lkfgR;dkj tc dgkuh&ys[ku dh vksj mUeq[k gksrk gS rks ;g vk'kadk cjkcj
cuh jgrh gS fd dgha dfork dgkuh ij gkoh u gks tk,A ujs'k esgrk dh ^rFkkfi*] ^fu'kkth* vkfn ij
dkO;xr jksekfu;r dh Li"V Nki ns[kh tk ldrh gSA j?kqohj lgk; vkSj losZ'oj osQ lacaèk esa Hkh ;g de
lp ugha gSA ^Hkkjrh gh ,sls dfo&dFkkdkj gSa ftUgksaus dfork ls dgkuh dks vyx djus dh ps"Vk dh gSA
;g ps"Vk ^xqydh cUuks*] ^lkfo=kh ua- 2* vkSj ^can xyh dk vkf[kjh edku* esa Li"Vr% fn[kkbZ iM+rh gSA bu
dgkfu;ksa esa vkReijdrk ls oLrqijdrk dh vksj tkus osQ fy, dFkk&rRo dh vksj vfèkd è;ku fn;k x;k
gSA ^xqydh cUuks* ij jksekfu;r dk vkjksi yxk;k tkrk gS] ij blesa ftl ifjik'oZ vkSj ifjos'k dks fy;k x;k
gS og fo'oluh; vkSj ;FkkFkZ gSA ,d fo'ks"k fLFkfr esa lewps Vksys&eqgYys dk nnZ mHkkjk x;k gSμxqy&xikM+s]
O;aX;&fouksn rFkk fonwzi&ckSNkjksa dh i`"BHkwfe esa ;g nnZ mu ekuoh; ewY;ksa dks fpf=kr djrk gS tks vkS|ksfxd
lH;rk esa vkt Hkh lqjf{kr gSa] nqyZHk gSaA
ysf[kdkvksa dk lalkjμeUuw HkaMkjh] Ñ".kk lkscrh] f'kokuh] m"kk fiz;aonk] jtuh ifUudj] esg#fUulk ijost]
fot; pkSgku vkfn dgkuh&ysf[kdkvksa dk viuk lalkj gS tks fdlh lhek rd iq#"kksa osQ lalkj ls vyx gSA
lkekU;r% fL=k;ksa dk lalkj iq#"k&lalkj ls ¯dfpr~ fHkUu gksrk gS] ¯drq bu ysf[kdkvksa us bl fHkUurk dks oqQN

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