Page 388 - DHIN401_HINDI_SAHITYA_KA_ITIHAAS

¯gnh lkfgR; dk bfrgkl

uksV ;qok ys[kdksa esa bèkj miU;kl fy[kus dh izo`fÙk c<+h gS] pfpZr dgkuhdkj dq.kky flag dk igyk miU;kl
^vkfnxzke mik[;ku* bl n`f"V ls mYys[kuh; gS fd jktuhfrd miU;kl gksrs gq, Hkh blesa caxky osQ xk¡o vkSj
xaobZ yksxksa dh ekufldrk] funksZ"krk dks cnyrs jktuhfrd ifjizs{; esa fcuk 'kksjxqy epk, gq, izLrqr fd;k
x;k gSA iadt lqchj dk Hkh ;g igyk gh miU;kl gSμ^;s oks lgj rks ugha* tks Le`fr dk fliZQ vk[;ku ek=k
ugha] o"kZ 1957 vkSj 2007 osQ le; dh iM+rky Hkh gS] miU;kl csgn jkspd gS vkSj ikBd bls vo'; ilan
djsaxsA
fiNys o"kZ izdkf'kr vU; mYys[kuh; miU;kl gSaμozQkafr dDdk dh tUe 'krkCnh (johanz oekZ)] eSadyqLdh
xat (fodkl >k)] tyrjax (flEeh gf"kZrk)] VsEl dh ljxe (larks"k JhokLro)] ;gha dgha Fkk ?kj (lqèkk
vjksM+k)] o`Qfrdk ('kqHkk oekZ) vkSj eq[kfcj (jktukjk;.k cksgjs)A
bl o"kZ izdkf'kr izsaQp ls fganh esa vuwfnr vfrd jfgeh dh iqLrd ^laxslcwj* mYys[kuh; gSA vkt
viQxkfuLrku esa rkfyckuksa dk dgj fdl rjg cjik fd;k tk jgk gS] mldk ykseg"kZd fooj.k gS bl
miU;kl esa] miU;kl NksVk gS ysfdu nq[kn o`Ùkkarksa ls Hkjk fgykus okyk] izfl¼ xqtjkrh miU;kl ^ljLorh panz*
(xksoèkZu jke ekèko jke f=kikBh) dk MkW- uouhr BDdj dk vuqokn Hkh i<+us yk;d gSA

31-2 dgkuh

vc tc rsth ls nqfu;k cny jgh gS] dgkuh dk ikjaifjd Lo:i ugha cnys] ;g gks gh ugha ldrk] blfy,
Hkh fd dfork vkSj dgkuh gh thou osQ lcls fudV gksrh gSA dfork ls vlarq"V dqN dfo rsth ls dgkuh
dh vksj yiosQ] muesa dqN rks Bhd&Bkd jgsA ckdh us iQkWewZykc¼ dgkfu;k¡ fy[kuk 'kq: dhA laikndksa dh
ek¡x vkSj mudh ekufldrk osQ vkèkkj ij t;Jh jk; dh bèkj izdkf'kr dbZ dgkfu;ksa dks i<+dj lq[kn
vk'p;Z gksrk gSA oLrqr% dfork gesa laosfnr djrh gS ysfdu ,d vPNh dgkuh gesa m}sfyr djrh gSA fiNys
fnuksa Hkksiky ls izdkf'kr if=kdk ^jkx Hkksikyh* esa dfo&dgkuhdkj dqekj vacqt dh ^lud* dgkuh i<+hA bl
dgkuh dks i<+dj ikBd lqnwj vius cpiu esa pyk x;kA rc izkFkfed d{kk osQ xf.kr esa jÙkh&ek'kk dk
fglkc jgrk FkkA vacqt dh ;g dgkuh blfy, Hkh vPNh yxh fd blesa orZeku osQ chp vrhr dh mifLFkfr
dk foLe`r lq[kn vglkl gSA

uksV~l dfork gesa laosfnr djrh gS ysfdu vPNh dgkuh gesa m}sfyr djrh gSA

bl o"kZ <kbZ ntZu dgkuh laxzg izdkf'kr gq,] ftuesa mYys[kuh; gSaμ;gk¡ rd (jkth lsB)] fi;jh dk liuk
(eS=ks;h iq"ik)] feV~Vh osQ yksx (,l-vkj- gjuksV)] dqN jax csuwj (lw;ZukFk flag)] ;wVksfi;k (oanuk jkx)] ,d
?kj dh Mk;jh (jes'k mikè;k;)] dkWy xyZ (foey dqekj)] jkr ckdh ,oa vU; dgkfu;k¡ (j.ksUnz)]
dczxkg dk equkiQk (rstsUnz 'kekZZ)] vkf[kjh cwan [kq'kcw (tkfgnk fguk)] Hkw[k rFkk vU; dgkfu;k¡ (lqHkk"k
'kekZ)] ljdrh jsr (uhye 'kadj)] lkoar vkaVh dh yM+fd;k¡ vkSj fiadfLyi MSMh (xhrk prqosZnh)] fdruh
'khjh gSa rsjs yc dh (jktsanz jko)] 'kqHkkjaHk rFkk vU; dgkfu;k¡ (vksek 'kekZ)] vkxnkjh rhyh (fujatu
Jksf=k;)] jktikV rFkk vU; dgkfu;k¡ (vpZuk oekZ)] fdjnkj ftank gS (js[kk fd'rokj) vkSj js.kq dh laiw.kZ
dgkfu;k¡A

VkLd fganh x| lkfgR; dh dgkuh fo/k ij laf{kIr fVIi.kh fyf[k,A

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