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lkfgR;'kkL=k (Hkkjrh; ,oa ik'pkR;)



                  uksV          fdlh u fdlh :i esa mldh ppkZ dh gSA naMh esa vius ^dkO;kn'kZ* esa jl dk foospu fd;k gSA okeu us mls
                                dkafr xq.k dk ewy rÙo ekuk gSµnhfIr jlRo dkafr%A #nzV us Hkh jl osQ egÙo dks Lohdkj fd;kA èofudkj
                                vkuanoèkZu us jl dks èofu dk izèkku vax dgk gSA vfHkuo xqIr us jl dh fo'ks"k O;k[;k dhA eEeV] fo'oukFk]
                                iafMrjkt txUukFk us Hkh jl dh izk.k lÙkk ekuk gSA jlor~ dks vyadkj ekuus okys vkpk;ks± esa Hkkeg ls ysdj
                                mn~HkV rd ,slk ekurs gq, Hkh ijks{k :i ls jl dh vyadkj dk ewy rÙo gS] ,sls laosQr mHkjrs gSaA jlor~
                                vyadkj osQ :i esa ekU; ugha gqvk vkSj bl izdkj jl dh Lora=k lÙkk cuh jghA
                                Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

                                fjDr LFkku Hkjsa (Fill in the blanks) :
                                               ---------------
                                  1- mifu"knksa esa     'kCn cgqyrk ls iz;ksx gqvk gSA
                                                           ---------------
                                  2- ukV~;'kkL=k uked iape osn esa    ls jl rÙo fy;k x;k gSA
                                                    ---------------
                                  3- jkt'ks[kj us Hkjr dks    vkSj uafnosQ'oj dks jl vkfn fu:id vkpk;Z ekuk gSA

                                10-2  lkjka'k (Summary)

                                    jl fo'kq¼ :i ls dkO;'kkL=kh; 'kCn gSA ¯drq oSfnd xzaFkksa esa dkO;'kkL=k osQ tUe ls iwoZ jl 'kCn vusd
                                     vFkks± esa O;kidrk osQ lkFk iz;qDr gqvk gSA
                                     jl osQ lacaèk esa Hkjr eqfu dk fl¼kar loZizFke ekU; gqvkA ij vyadkjoknh] jhfroknh oØksfÙkQoknh vkpk;ks±
                                     us fdlh u fdlh :i esa mldh ppkZ dh gSA naMh esa vius ^dkO;kn'kZ* esa jl dk foospu fd;k gSA okeu
                                     us mls dkafr xq.k dk ewy rÙo ekuk gSµnhfIr jlRo dkafr%A #nzV us Hkh jl osQ egÙo dks Lohdkj fd;kA
                                     èofudkj vkuanoèkZu us jl dks èofu dk izèkku vax dgk gSA

                                10-3  'kCndks'k (Keywords)

                                    jl % Lokn (lkfgR; jl tSls  Ük`axkj] gkL;] d#.k vkfn)
                                    fl¼kar % fuf'pr er] mlwy] iDdh jk;


                                10-4  vH;kl&iz'u (Review Questions)

                                  1- jl ls vki D;k le>rs gSa\
                                  2- jl fl¼kar ls D;k vfHkizk; gS\

                                  3- jl fl¼kar ij vius er izLrqr dhft,A
                                mÙkj % Lo&ewY;kadu (Answer : Self Assessment)

                                  1- jl              2- vFkoZosn        3- :id


                                10-5  lanHkZ iqLrosaQ (Further Readings)




                                  iqLrosaQ 1- Hkkjrh; dkO;'kkL=k µ MkW- lR;nso pkS/jhA





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