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lekt'kkL=kh; fopkj/kjk




                     uksV        14-3 lkjka'k (Summary)

                                     • lkekftd rF; dksbZ dkYifud /kj.kk ;k fopkj ugha gksrk] bldk okLrfod vfLrRo gksrk gSA bl
                                       okLrfod vk/kj ij lkekftd ?kVukvksa dk oSKkfud cks/&ljy gks tk,xkA lkFk gh] lkekftd rF; esa
                                       ^ckárk* dh fo'ks"krk fo|eku gksrh gS] vFkkZr~ bls ,d Lora=k okLrfodrk osQ :i esa vuqHko fd;k tk
                                       ldrk gSA vr% bldh lgk;rk ls lkekftd ?kVukvksa dks vfr ljyrk ls le>k tk ldrk gSA mlh izdkj
                                       lkekftd rF; dh nwljh fo'ks"krk ^ckè;rk* gS tksfd gesa fo'ks"k <ax ls O;ogkj djus dks ckè; djrh
                                       gSA blls lkekftd ?kVukvksa esa Hkh ,d Øec¼rk mRiUu gks tkrh gS vkSj mldk oSKkfud cks/ lEHko
                                       gksrk gSA
                                     • dnkfpr Jh nq[khZe us lkekftd rF; dh vo/kj.kk osQ vk/kj ij gh lkekftd ,drk] Je&foHkktu]
                                       /eZ] vkRegR;k] Kku vkfn lkekftd ?kVukvksa dk fo'ys"k.k rFkk O;k[;k dh gSA lk/kj.kr;k ;g le>k
                                       tkrk gS fd Je&foHkktu ,d vkfFkZd vo/kj.kk gS] ijUrq Jh nq[khZe osQ vuqlkj] oqQN lkekftd rF;
                                       gh Je&foHkktu dk dkj.k gSa vkSj Je&foHkktu osQ lkekftd ifj.kke vkfFkZd ifj.kkeksa ls dgha vf/d
                                       egÙoiw.kZ gksrs gSaA

                                 14-4 'kCndks'k  (Keywords)


                                    1- lkekftd rF; (Social fact)% ,d lkekftd rF; O;ogkj lkspus&le>us] vuqHko djus ;k fØ;k
                                       lEikfnr djus dk ,d Hkkx gS tks izs{kd dh n`f"V esa oLrqijd gS rFkk ftldh izÑfr ckè;rkewyd gksrh
                                       gSA blesa ckárk] ckè;rk ,oa lkekU;rk osQ xq.k fo|eku gksrs gSaA

                                 14-5 vH;kl&iz'u (Review Questions)


                                    1- nq[khZe dh vè;;u dh i¼fr dks Li"V djsaA

                                    2- nq[khZe }kjk izfrikfnr lkekftd rF; dh vo/kj.kk dks Li"V djsaA

                                 mÙkj % Lo&ewY;kadu (Answer: Self Assessment)

                                       1- i¼fr'kkL=k        2- O;kf/'kkL=kh;      3- i¼fr'kkL=kA

                                 14-6 lanHkZ iqLrosaQ (Further Readings)





                                     iqLrdsa  1-  lksf'k;ksykWthµVh-ch- cksVkseksjA

                                              2-  n lkslkbVhµeSdkbZoj ,oa istA
                                              3-  lksf'k;ksykWftdy F;ksjhµvczkge ,oa ekxZuA
                                                            +
                                              4-  n LVªDpj vkWIkQ lksf'k;ksykWftdy FkkWVµts-,p- VuZjA








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