Page 17 - DSOC401_SOCIOLOGICAL_THOUGHT_hindi

bdkbZ—2: vkWxLV dkWEV % ckSf¼d i`"BHkwfe

dkWEV] lsaV lkbeu osQ vuq;k;h Fks] ;g lkspuk 'kk;n mfpr u gksxk_ fiQj Hkh foLdkmaV ekysZ osQ fopkjkuqlkj] uksV
dkWEVhLV fopkj/kjk dks lsaV lkbeu dh nks Li"V nsu gSaµizFke rks ;g fd foKkuksa dk ,d oSKkfud oxhZdj.k
vfr vko';d gS vkSj nwljk ;g fd n'kZu dk okLrfod è;s; lkekftd gksuk pkfg, vkSj lkekftd fopkjdksa
dk mfpr mís'; uSfrd] /kfeZd rFkk jktuhfrd O;oLFkkvksa dk iqul±xBuA ijUrq bldk rkRi;Z u ;g gks fd
dkWEV dh leLr fopkj/kjk lsaV lkbeu }kjk izHkkfor Fkh vkSj u ;g fd dkWEV dh egku~ ckSf¼d liQyrk,¡
lsaV lkbeu osQ dkj.k gh lEHko gqb±A bldk dkj.k Hkh Li"V Fkk vkSj og ;g fd lsaV lkbeu dh fopkj/kjk
esa Øec¼rk dk vHkko Fkk tcfd dkWEV viuh fopkj/kjk esa ;FkkFkZrk] lqrF;rk rFkk rkfoZQdrk ij vR;f/d
cy nsrs FksA
oqQN fo}kuksa dk er Fkk fd dkWEV osQ xzUFkksa rFkk thou esa ,d:irk dk i;kZIr vHkko FkkA cgqr&ls yksx ,sls
gSa ftUgksaus fd dkWEV dh Positive Philosophy dk ân; ls Lokxr fd;k ijUrq Positive Polity dh mruh
gh fuank dhA tSlkfd igys dgk x;k gS] tkWu LVqvVZ fey dk ;g fuf'pr er Fkk fd izFke Ñfr osQ l`tu
osQ i'pkr~ gh dkWEV dh vlk/kj.k izfrHkk vkSj {kerk dk fouk'k izkjaHk gks jgk FkkA nwljs 'kCnksa esa] Positive
Polity esa dkWEV ml oSKkfud Lrj ij fLFkj u jg losQ ftl ij fd Positive Philosophy dks mUgksaus
vk/kfjr fd;k FkkA ijUrq Lo;a dkWEV bl er dk [kaMu djrs gSaA mudk dFku gS fd mudh leLr fopkj/kjkvksa
esa dgha Hkh dksbZ [kkbZ ugha gS] u gh muesa ,d:irk dk oqQN Hkh vHkko gSA muosQ erkuqlkj Philosophy vkSj
Polity bu nksuksa xazFkksa dh jpuk ,d gh mís'; dh iwfrZ osQ fy, dh xbZ Fkh_ izFke xzaFk esa uhao Mkyh xbZ gS vkSj
nwljs esa okLrfod fuekZ.k&dk;ZA dkWEV dk dFku gS fd igys ls gh mudk mís'; ,d uohu ^vkè;kfRed 'kfDr*
dh [kks”k djuk FkkA bl [kks”k esa liQyrk ikus osQ fy, ;k bl ^lkekftd mís';* dh iwfrZ osQ fy, ckSf¼d
rS;kfj;k¡ (Intellectual preparations) ijeko';d FkhA blfy, mUgksaus Positive Philosophy esa
fofHkUu foKkuksa ls mica/ gksus okyh lkefxz;ksa dks loZizFke bdV~Bk fd;k vkSj bl izdkj tc ,d lS¼kfUrd uhao
iM+ xbZ rc Positive Polity esa mu lkefxz;ksa osQ O;kogkfjd mi;ksx dh foLr`r foospuk izLrqr dhA bl izdkj
dkWEV osQ erkuqlkj] ;s nksuksa xzaFk ,d&nwljs ls fHkUu ugha] vfirq ,d&nwljs osQ iwjd gSaA dkWEV osQ bl
vkRe&ewY;kadu ls os lHkh fo}ku lger gSa ftUgksaus fd muosQ thou rFkk xzaFkksa dk vf/d lko/kuh ls vè;;u
fd;k gSA bl lEcU/ esa izksisQlj ysoh&czqà] gkWfoaQl] ckUlZ rFkk chdj vkfn dk uke fo'ks"k :i ls mYys[kuh;
gSA ckUlZ rFkk chdj dk er gS fd Positive Philosophy esa dkWEV osQ lS¼kafrd erksa dh vf/d foLr`r
foospuk rFkk izR;{k ;k oSKkfud vk/kj ij fe=kjk"Vª osQ fuekZ.k esa mu fl¼karksa osQ O;kogkfjd iz;ksx osQ lEcU/
esa muosQ fopkj fo'kn~ :i esa feyrs gSaA bu fo}kuksa osQ erkuqlkj Positive Polity fuLlansg gh vko';d 'kCnksa
ls vR;f/d cksf>y rFkk uhjl xzaFk gS] fiQj Hkh Positive Philosophy dh rqyuk esa blesa dkWEV osQ izk;%
lHkh izeq[k LohÑr fl¼kar ;k vo/kj.kk,¡ dgha vf/d ifjiDo vkSj ifjiq"V :i esa feyrh gSaA

D;k vki tkurs gSa vkWxLV dkWEV us lu~ 1839 esa loZizFke lksf'k;ksykWth (Sociology) 'kCn dk iz;ksx fd;k
FkkA

bl vlk/kj.k izfrHkk vkSj {kerklEiUu lkekftd fopkjd dkWEV dh e`R;q lu~ 1857 esa gqbZ Fkh] ijUrq muosQ
vFkd ifjJe rFkk fopkjksa dh e`R;q u gqbZ gS vkSj u gksxhA lekt'kkL=k vkt tks oqQN gS og 'kk;n blh dkj.k
gS fd dkWEV vius thou rFkk ifjJe ls bl foKku dh uhao dks lhapdj mls bruk n`<+ cuk x, gSa fd og fiQj
fgyk ugha] VwVk ugha vkSj /¡lk ughaA

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