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Unit 25: Future of Family: Emerging Alternatives-Nuclear Family, Marxist and Feminist Approaches

in household duties or economic cooperation. They don’t work for family but for Kibuz only. Notes
They get all the things from Kibuz which are necessary. They eat their food in community mess.
The food for all is prepared simultaneously. Washing clothes like essential services are provided
in grouped form and no duty of the married couple is there in this reference.
It is clear that in Kibuz of Israel, there is no existence of family in the form of a multifunctional
unit. Thus some of the people consider that Kibuz can be seen as a big comprehensive family
because it is a unit of production, nurturing of children, Kibuz-culture as well as of socialisation,
utilisation and recreation. This is the reason that Wazda and Hailer, Marxist writers of Hungary
present this group of family or commune as an alternative of modern nuclear family. According
to them, commune is responsible for nurturing all the adult children. The relation in adults may
be of any type from monogamy to free sexual relations because in commune no specific value
reference is there in respect to sexual relations. But the family commune in Kibuz of Israel is
different in this sense that its activities are limited to the house-hold activities and looking after
the children and do not touch the comprehensive scope of production, which is related to the
organisation of commercial roles.

Self Assessment

Fill in the blanks:
1. The form of family present in ________________ people of Israel presents the alternative of
the today’s nuclear family.
2. In this way parents divert their ________________ to the community.
3. Nothing is seen between the married couples like ________________ in household duties or
economic cooperation.

25.2 Is Nuclear Family a Result of Industrialisation

We collide with three conflicting views in discussing on above questions. The first most accept-
ed view is that earlier in industrial society of Europe joint and elaborated family was popular.
This type of family used to fulfilled the different needs like economic, educational, recreational,
social, security, etc. to their members but on the arrival of industrialisation the family became
deprived of these functions and remained like a sick shadow of its earlier elaborated form. Mod-
ern family is a group of nuclear family in its ideal form which is independent of their other rela-
tives and limited to their own home and depends on the salary or wages of husband or father.”
It is also said further that “declining birth rate, increment in the events of divorce, preparation
of food in home, decline in the process of making clothes, etc. and decline in the level of liveli-
hood of the family indicates towards inclination of growing individualism and physical values”.
The second view is enunciated by Talcos Parsons and other sociologists. According to them,
the family-management present in the urban world of United States is not a nude form of more
common or obvious family-management but it is a such extreme specific form which is more
divisional economic and political management and conformable to those institutional values
that force to an achievement reference to provision. Parsons on the basis of the principle of
social evolution looks at origin of the separate nuclear family. Thus there is no wonder in this
matter that the group of family and relative do not execute several functions. Besides this,
Schools, Hospitals, Commercial Organisations, etc. are fulfilling many functions of family in
specific institutes. Parsons further gives this view that separate nuclear family and economic
management have a functional relation in reference to the Industrial society. In response to
the needs of the industrial society, it is necessary to establish suitable adaptation for isolated
nuclear family. This view is given that the relative separation of the family from other Kinship
bonds and its smallness is a type of adaptation which makes possible the local and circum-

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