Page 10 - DSOC402_SOCIOLOGY_OF_KINSHIP_HINDI

bdkbZ—1: fo"k; dh izÑfr ,oa egÙo

NM+ gS ftl ij ,d O;fDr thou Hkj fuHkZj jgrk gS] ;g vxf.kr fLFkfr;ksa esa mlosQ O;ogkj dks fu;fU=kr djrh uksV
gSA ukrsnkjh dk vè;;u u osQoy jksekapd gh gS vfirq mi;ksxh Hkh gSA lkekftd lajpuk esa ukrsnkjh dh Hkwfedk
,oa egÙo dks ge fofHkUu 'kh"kZdksa osQ vUrxZr fuEu izdkj ls izdV dj ldrs gSaµ
1- fookg ,oa ifjokj dk fu/kZj.kµukrsnkjh gh ;g r; djrh gS fd ,d O;fDr osQ fookg dk {ks=k D;k gksxkA
fdl izdkj dk fookg fuf"k¼ gS] fdls ekU;rk nh x;h gS vkSj fdls vf/ekU;rk (Preference) A nwljs 'kCnksa
esa] vUrfoZokg] cfgfoZokg] lefyax lgksnjt ,oa fo"kefyax lgksnjt fookg (Parallel cousin and cross
cousin marriage)] vkfn dk fu/kZj.k ukrsnkjh osQ vk/kj ij gh gksrk gSA ifjokj esa jDr ,oa fookg lEcU/
ij vk/kfjr lnL; ik;s tkrs gSaA nksuksa gh izdkj osQ lnL;ksa dks ge ukrsnkj dgrs gSaA ifjokj dk foLrkj ukrsnkjh
dk foLrkj gh gSA ifjokj osQ izdkj fofHkUu ukrsnkjksa dh Hkwfedk esa ik;s tkus okys Hksnksa dks izdV djrs gSaA mnkgj.k
osQ fy,] ekr`lÙkkRed ifjokj esa HkkbZ dh Hkwfedk viuh cfgu osQ ifjokj esa egÙoiw.kZ gS] ogh ifjokj dk
lapkyu djrk gS vkSj ogh lc izdkj dh vkfFkZd fØ;kvksa dk osQUnz Hkh gksrk gSA ifjokj dh 'kfDr ,oa lÙkk
mlosQ gkFk esa gksrh gSA ifr ,sls ifjokjksa esa egÙoiw.kZ Hkwfedk vnk ugha djrk gSA blosQ foijhr fir`lÙkkRed
ifjokjksa esa cfgu osQ ifjokj esa HkkbZ dh Hkwfedk ux.; gSA jSMfDyiQ czkmu tSls ekuo'kkÏh us ukrsnkjh O;oLFkk
dk izdk;kZRed foospu fd;k gSA mldh ekU;rk gS fd foOkkg ,oa ukrsnkjh ,d&nwljs osQ eè; O;oLFkk mRiUu
djrs gSaA
2- oa'k] mÙkjkf/dkj ,oa inkf/dkj dk fu/kZj.k (Determination of Descent, Inheritance and
Succession)µukrsnkjh oa'kkoyh dk fu/kZj.k djrh gSA oa'kkoyh dh yEckbZ izfr"Bk dk ekin.M gksrh gSA
ifjokj] oa'k] xks=k] Hkzkr`ny ,oa v¼k±'k ukrsnkjh osQ gh foLr`r Lo:i gSaA Hkwrdky osQ oa'k lEcfU/;ksa dk Kku
izkIr dj O;fDr eglwl djrk gS fd og bfrgkl&foghu ugha gS] oju~ mldh Hkh tMsa+ gSaA ,d O;fDr dh lEifÙk
,oa in dk gLrkUrj.k fdu yksxksa esa gksxk] dkSu&dkSu mlosQ nkosnkj gksasxs] ;g ukrsnkjh osQ vk/kj ij Hkh r; gksrk
gSA ukrsnkjh dk izkjfEHkd vè;;u odhyksa ,oa fof/'kkfÏ;ksa }kjk lEHkor% blfy, fd;k x;k Fkk fd os vf/dkj]
nkos] nkf;Ro] fir` vf/dkj] lafonk] fir`cU/qrk (Agnate)] vkfn dk Kku dj mUgsa dkuwuh tkek igukuk pkgrs
FksA os lkFk gh bl izdkj osQ fu;eksa dh Hkh jpuk djuk pkgrs Fks fd dkSu fdldk mÙkjkf/dkjh gksxk rFkk D;k
fdls izkIr gksxk\ ;fn ukrsnkj osQ ckn fdlh vU; dks mÙkjkf/dkj dk vf/dkj izkIr gksrk gS rc ukrsnkjh dh
O;k[;k dh tkrh gS vkSj ukrsnkjksa esa ojh;rk osQ Øe dks fuf'pr fd;k tkrk gSA fir`oa'kh; ,oa ekr`oa'kh; ifjokjksa
esa oa'k mÙkjkf/dkj ,oa oa'k inkf/dkj osQ fu;e fHkUu&fHkUu gSaA lHkh izdkj osQ lektksa esa ukrsnkjh osQ lEcU/ksa
(Kinship ties) dk mi;ksx lEifÙk osQ Lokeh rFkk mÙkjkf/dkfj;ksa] inkf/dkfj;ksa rFkk mlosQ mÙkjorhZ
vf/dkfj;ksa] vkfn osQ eè; lEcU/ksa dks ifjHkkf"kr djus osQ fy, fd;k tkrk gSA ywlh es;j dh ekU;rk gS fd
¶ljy izfof/ okys lektksa esa------ fdlh O;fDr dk lekt esa LFkku] mlosQ vf/dkj vkSj drZO;] lEifÙk ij
mldk nkok] vf/drj nwljs lnL;ksa osQ lkFk mlosQ tUetkr lEcU/ksa ij fuHkZj gksrs gSaA ,sls lektkssa esa laxBu
osQ pkgs tks Hkh fl¼kUr gksa] izkFkfed lewg cU/qRo ls tqM+s jgrs gSa------A¸
3- vkfFkZd fgrksas dh lqj{kk (Safeguard of Economic Interest)µejMkWd fy[krs gSaµukrsnkjh lewg] ,d
O;fDr ugha] oju~ f}rh; j{kk iafDr dk izfrfuf/Ro djrs gSaA tc ,d O;fDr ladV vFkok dfBukbZ esa gksrk gS
vFkok tc mls fdlh vkfFkZd dk;Z dks ;k lkaLÑfrd nkf;Roksa dks iwjk djuk gksrk gS] la{ksi esa] tc mls ifjokj
osQ ckgj lgk;rk dh vko';drk gks tc og vius foLr`r ukrsnkjh lewg dh vksj lgk;rk osQ fy, fugkj ldrk
gSA vr% leqnk; vFkok lEiw.kZ tkfr esa vU; lnL;ksa dh vis{kk ukrsnkjksa dks mls lgk;rk nsus dk nkf;Ro lokZf/d
gSA og Hkh blh izdkj fj'rsnkjksa ls ikjEifjd nkf;Roksa esa ca/k gksrk gSA blesa Hkh jDr lEcU/h fof'k"V egÙo j[krs
gSa D;ksafd oSokfgd ukrsnkjksa dh rqyuk esa jDr lEcfU/;ksa dks ,d O;fDr vius vf/d fudV eglwl djrk gSA

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