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Methodology of Social Research

notes was the division of work done after training the workers, how was their work monitored,
how was questionnaire gathered, how many hours per day was work carried out, how was
gathered information checked for originality, how was compilation and codification of data
done etc. information is mentioned in this part. the objective of this is to help people guess
about the organization of the survey.
8. Analysis and Interpretation—After mentioning the above points, the report now comes to
the most important juncture. At this juncture, the gathered information and data is presented
in an arranged manner. Classification and tabulation of data provide real help in preparing
this part because it is here where all obtained information, data; records are arranged in an
attractive and useful format in the form of tables, charts, graphs, and plots to be represented.
Not only are data just presented in a pleasant manner, but equally important analysis and
descriptive explanation is also done. in the analysis, mainly work-cause relationship is
clarified whereas in descriptive explanation the results and consequences are presented. The
results of study are always presented in the form of factual data in explanatory way and it is
also explaines the basis of these results and consequences. in order to make the report more
interesting, lively and appropriate for statistical deduction, photos and graph-plots are also
attached as and when the need is felt. if some secondary or derived material has been used,
then using footnotes, brief introduction regarding their sources is provided.
9. Highlights of Data—in order to make the report more interesting and meaningful, after
analysis and description an enclosed chapter is added wherein all the remarkable features
of gathered data and the results derived after considering them as a basis are presented in a
sequential manner so that the complete summary of the results of the study are available to
the readers at a single place. in other words, this chapter contains the summary of the main
results which clarifies the results of research in a summarised way.
10. suggestions—if the research is done not solely for knowledge expansion and it is related
to certain social problem or practical life, then towards the end of the report some creative
suggestions are always provided. in these suggestions, how a problem should be solved
practically or how a certain situation can be creatively improved is also answered. if
the survey was organized by some organization or government agency for creative or
improvement works, then it is very important to include the suggestions. the researcher
does not dream of heaven on earth while presenting his suggestions i.e. he does not present
suggestions that are not within the scope of available means and practicality. His suggestion
is creative and practical in the sense that in the present circumstances, with the available
resources in a nation or particular organization, he gives a clear idea about the maximum
reform possible. for example, if he gives the suggestion that the dearness allowance of state
government employees be made equal to that of the central government employees, then
he also considers the fact whether the state government under present circumstances can
afford to bear the additional expenses or not. if not, then upto what limit can the increase
in dearness allowance be made practical and that the employee rights are also protected to
the maximum. in brief, we can say that the suggestion should be useful, practical and also
based on reason and should be creative. this point is often kept in mind by the researcher
and should be kept ideally. these suggestions can be of two types—one those which are
given during survey by the information-providers. these suggestions are very important
because people living in a certain region or group for certain long duration, though not
educated in principal concepts, have experienced the problem and therefore understand the
problem in a practical way and so are capable enough to suggest useful ideas for improving
the situation. so such suggestions are always mentioned in the report. secondly, there are
suggestions which researcher develops himself on the basis of his study. the usefulness of
these suggestions depends upon the knowledge of the surveyor, experience, presence of
mind and predictability.

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